水流的冲泻质输沙机理研究Ⅱ:实验研究及验证  

Wash load transport in alluvial rivers Ⅱ:Experiment and verification

作　　者：钟德钰[1] 王士强[1] 王光谦[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学河流海洋工程研究所,北京100084

出　　处：《水利学报》2000年第11期9-14,共6页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目!编号 596790 0 9和 598790 0 6.

摘　　要：本文介绍了水流的冲泻质输沙机理的水槽实验研究成果 .实验表明 ,冲泻质与床沙质的区别和转化不仅与水流强度、颗粒粒径有关 ,同时与细颗粒浓度密切相关 ,即水流输运冲泻质的能力不是无限的 ,当上游来沙中冲泻质细颗粒超过水流的最大输送能力后 ,冲泻质将落淤转化为床沙质 .根据理论分析和实验资料建立并率定了水流的冲泻质最大输沙能力计算公式及相应的冲泻质与床沙质分界转化条件 ,经天然河流大量实际资料验证 。The experimental result on wash load transport is reported in this paper. It shows that not only the grain size and flow intensity, but also the concentration of fine material plays important role on its mutual transformation between wash load and bed material load. The experiment demonstrates that there exists a maximum trasport capacity of stream for wash load under which fine material keeps its fraction in bed as zero and plays no part in river evolution process. Based on the theory established in Part Ⅰ of this paper, formulas for stream's maximum transport capacity of stream wash load and criterion for distinguishing wash load from bed material load are proposed. Comparison between the calculation result of the formula and the field data shows that the agreement is satisfactory.

关 键 词：冲泻质 床沙质 输沙能力 分界条件 水流 

分 类 号：TV143[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]