冷屋顶对铁路客运站用能特性的影响  

Impact of cool roof on properties in energy consumption at railway station

作　　者：李立清[1] 程佳[1] 马卫武[1] 姚小龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第11期4726-4735,共10页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发重点项目(2010Z001-B);中南大学博士后基金资助项目(2010年)

摘　　要：在定性分析冷屋顶对建筑物性能影响的基础上,以长沙某铁路客运站为原型,利用能耗模拟软件EnergyPlus建立模型,并运用实测数据对模型进行验证。以此模型对比分析冷屋顶屋面反射系数和天窗遮阳反射系数对客运站空调机组装机容量、空调和照明能耗、室内热舒适性的影响,并探讨冷屋顶技术在不同建筑围护结构、不同气候条件下应用的差异性。研究结果表明:对于我国大部分地区,冷屋顶技术能有效减少空调制冷机组的装机容量和制冷能耗,改善夏季室内热舒适性,但对冬季供暖能耗、照明能耗和冬季室内舒适性的影响却因不同类型的冷屋顶而有所区别,因此冷屋顶技术需与当地客观自然条件相结合才能有效发挥效果。In order to analyse the influence of cool roof on the performance of building, a railway station model was built by using the software EnergyPlus and was adjusted with the measured data. The model was used to simulate the energy consumption characteristics of the railway station with different kinds of reflectivity of the cool roof and the climates in China. The result shows that different kinds of reflectivity of cool roof have different influences on the required capacity of air conditioner, the energy consumption of air conditioning and lighting, and the number of comfortable hours. With the increase of the roof reflectivity, the required capacity and energy consumption of air conditioner decrease in summer, but the result is opposite in winter, which results in more energy consumption in whole year. However, the high reflectivity of the shade not otlly saves the required capacity and energy consumption of air conditioner in summer, but also limits the increase of the energy consumption for heating and lighting, which saves amount energy in whole year. So the cool roof will be a powerful technology for energy conservation with appropriate designing.

关 键 词：冷屋顶 反射系数 建筑能耗 ENERGYPLUS 铁路客运站 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]