热与污染物在不同建筑楼层间的传输行为与分布特性  

Transport of heat and air pollutants across different floors in high-rise buildings

作　　者：李海英[1] 周叶[2] 邓启红[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第12期5125-5132,共8页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178466);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20120162110011);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2011JQ006)

摘　　要：对自然通风高层建筑不同楼层之间空气流动及热与污染物的跨层传输行为规律进行数值研究,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)技术系统分析污染源的强度、热源的强度和不同开窗方式对热与污染物传输的影响。研究结果表明:污染物可以从低层传输到高层,并且污染源的强度越强,污染物传输能力越强,高层房间污染物的平均浓度越高;热源对污染物的传输有重要影响,热源强度越大,更有利于污染物的传输到高层房间;对于单侧有2个开口的建筑,污染物的传输能力较强,高层污染物的平均浓度较高;当每一层都存在热源与污染源时,由于热与污染物的累积效应,污染物浓度和温度随着楼层的增加而升高;建筑中污染源/热源与外界环境空气间的浓度/温度差产生的浮升力引起空气在不同楼层间的流动,对高层建筑不同楼层之间热与污染物的传播有重要影响。The vertical flow interaction and air pollutant transport in high-rise buildings were numerically investigated. The flow was driven by buoyancy effect due to temperature and concentration difference between the heat and pollutant sources and the ambient fluid. Attentions were given to analyze the effect of the main factors, i.e. the strength of pollutant source, the presence of heat source, the strategies of window openings on the pollutant transport among different floors. The results show that the air pollutant can spread from lower floors to upper floors due to the inter-floor airflow through open windows caused by the buoyancy force. The stronger the pollutant source, the higher the pollutant concentration would be in the upper floors. The pollutant transport can be affected by the heat source, which will aid the transport of pollutants to upper floors. The building with two openings on single side will be more susceptible to the pollutants from the lower floor than the building with one opening. Due to the accumulation effect of heat and pollutant in upper floors, the average concentration increases with floor level when each floor has heat and pollutant sources.

关 键 词：高层建筑 交叉感染 空气污染 竖直传播 自然通风 计算流体动力学 

分 类 号：TU11[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU83