关于潮汐与潮流性质不同海区全潮观测日期选择的分析  

Date Selection for Observation of Entire Tide Hydrology in the Sea Area With Different Tide and Tidal Current Characteristics

作　　者：胡筱敏[1,2] 熊学军[1,2] 陈超 王冠琳[1,2] 吴伦宇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [2]海洋环境科学与数值模拟国家海洋局重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [3]深圳中广核工程设计有限公司,广东深圳518029

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2013年第4期446-454,共9页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划--太平洋印度洋对全球变暖的响应及其对气候变化的调控作用(2012CB955601);国家自然科学基金--黄海暖流的多时相特征及其发生机制研究(41376038);国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研专项--常用海底声纳测量仪器计量检测关键技术研究与示范应用(2013418034);环境保护部公益性行业科研专项--滨海核电厂温排水对海域环境影响后评估的关键技术研究(201409089)

摘　　要：全潮海流观测中常利用工程海区附近验潮站潮汐预报结果来确定大、中、小潮观测时间,但这种方法在潮汐性质与潮流性质不同的海区并不适用。以广东陆丰碣石海域为例,用传统潮位法进行全潮观测日期选择,并提出应用潮流法进行观测日期的选择。对2种方案进行分析比较,选取潮流法确定的观测日期进行2012年冬、夏两个航次的全潮观测。潮流观测结果分析表明,潮流法选择的全潮海流观测日期基本符合各潮次典型性、代表性特征。在这种海区开展全潮海流观测时,宜从潮流角度来选取各潮次观测日期。For observing the entire tidal hydrology, tide forecasting results from the tidal stations near the engineering area were usually used to determine the date for observing the spring, moderate and neap tides. This is, however, not applicable in the sea areas where the natures of tide and tidal current are dif- ferent. By taking the Jieshi sea area located in Lufeng of Guangdong as an example, the traditional tidal- level method and the tidal current method are applied to determine the date for observing the entire tidal hydrology. The comparison between these two methods indicates that the time schedule for observing the entire tidal hydrology obtained by using the tidal current method is optimum. According to the schedule determined by this method, two cruises for the observation of the entire tidal hydrology were carried out in winter and summer of 2012. The observed results show that the selected observing date can be representa- tive for the spring tide, the moderate tide and the neap tide. It is therefore suggested that the date for ob- serving the entire tidal hydrology should be selected better based on the tidal current, rather than the tide, when working in the sea area with different natures of tide and tidal current.

关 键 词：全潮海流观测 潮汐性质 潮流性质 观测日期 碣石海域 

分 类 号：P731.21[天文地球—海洋科学]