2008-2012年渤海湾天津近岸海域夏季浮游植物组成  

Phytoplankton Composition in Bohai Bay Tianjin Coastal Area in Summer From 2008to 2012

作　　者：尹翠玲 张秋丰[1] 崔健 刘洋[1] 徐玉山[1] 马玉艳 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局天津海洋环境监测中心站,天津300457

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2013年第4期527-537,共11页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项--我国及周边陆地;洋区历史资料收集;示范区海上调查及分析(201205018-1)

摘　　要：2008－2012年夏季（8月）调查了渤海湾天津近岸海域的网采浮游植物群落，经初步分析鉴定出浮游植物3门29属59种，其中硅藻门18属45种，占种类组成的76．3％，甲藻门10属13种，占种类组成的22．000，金藻门1种；优势种主要为叉状角藻、格氏圆筛藻、尖刺菱形藻、琼氏圆筛藻、中肋骨条藻、巨圆筛藻、克尼角毛藻、浮动弯角藻和旋链角毛藻，优势种主要为广温广盐近岸性种，少数暖温带及偏暖性大洋性种类也有分布；与1983年同期历史资料相比，近5a渤海湾浮游植物细胞丰度明显增加，浮游植物细胞丰度的分布主要取决于硅藻的分布；聚类分析表明，浮游植物物种和细胞丰度呈团块状分布；2008－2012年夏季渤海湾网采浮游植物群落多样性指数变化范围为1．44～2．69，平均为1．91，低于历史同期调查数据；浮游植物群落结构的变化是多个环境因子共同影响的结果，近5a夏季渤海湾网采浮游植物细胞丰度及其分布主要与Chl-a含量、水温、盐度、化学需氧量和营养盐关系密切。Features of the phytoplankton composition were studied with the net-phytoplankton data in sum- mer from 2008 to 2012, totally 3 phyla including 29 genera and 59 species of phytoplankton were commonly identified in the survey area, in which 76.30//00 were diatoms and 22.0 ~//00 were dinoflagellates. The dominant species were Ceratium furca, Coscinodiscus granii, Nitzschia pungens, Coscinodiscus jonesianus, Skele- tonema costatum, Coscinocliscus gigas, Chaetoceros knipowitschii, Eucampia zoodiacus and Chaetoceros curvisetus. The most dominant species were neritic species but a few were oceanic warm water or oceanic species. Phytoplankton cell abundance from 2008 to 2012 compared with 1983 increased obviously and its horizontal distribution was determined by the diatom distribution pattern. The results of cluster and Non- metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling analysis of phytoplankton species composition showed that the adjacent stations had more similar phytoplankton species and cell abundance distribution. Shannon-Wiener index of phytoplankton community ranged from 1.44 to 2.69 with an average value of 1.91, which was lower than the historic data in the same season. Features of the phytoplankton cell abundances and sistribution were closely related with chlorophyll a, temperature, salinity, COD and nutrition.

关 键 词：渤海湾 夏季 浮游植物 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]