自然天敌对苗蚜和伏蚜控制作用的定量分析  

Effects of suppression of natural enemies on cotton aphids

作　　者：于汉龙 门兴元[1] 叶保华[2] 于毅[1] 张安盛[1] 李丽莉[1] 周仙红[1] 张思聪[1] 庄乾营[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2014年第1期99-106,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31030012)

摘　　要：【目的】为了合理利用自然天敌,定量评价棉田自然天敌对苗蚜和伏蚜的控制作用。【方法】采用接虫罩笼法结合系统调查。【结果】发现苗蚜的主要自然天敌是龟纹瓢虫Propylaea japonica Thunberg和异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis Pallas,大部分时间能够有效的控制苗蚜种群在防治指标以下,控害指数高达91%;伏蚜主要自然天敌是蜘蛛、草蛉和龟纹瓢虫,由于其种群数量太少,益害比低,对伏蚜控害指数始终低于20%,无法有效的控制伏蚜种群。【结论】结果提示,应根据苗蚜和伏蚜自然天敌控制作用不同,制定合理的保护利用自然天敌的策略。[Objectives] To evaluate the effects of suppressing natural enemies on cotton aphids on cotton seedlings and during summer. [Methods] Field investigations and enclosures. [Results] Propylaeajaponica and Harmonia axyridis were the main natural enemies of aphids during the cotton seedling stage and could effectively suppress the aphid population achieving a biocontrol services index （BSI） 〉 91%. Araneae, Chrysopidae and Propylaeajaponica were the main natural enemies of aphids in summer. These predators could not effectively suppress the population of summer aphids; because of low population densities and low natural enemy to aphid ratio the BSI was always 〈 20%. [Conclusion] The results indicate that the effectiveness of natural enemies to control aphids in cotton fields varies between the seedling stage and summer.

关 键 词：苗蚜 伏蚜 自然天敌 控害指数 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S433.39[农业科学—植物保护]