养猪场养殖废水与化肥配施对小麦中微量元素含量和品质的影响  

Effects of combined applications of pig farm slurry and chemical fertilizer on medium- and micro-element contents and quality of wheat

作　　者：高威[1] 陶晓婷[1] 王远玲[1] 全晓艳[1] 徐杏[1] 陆建飞[1] 庄恒扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第2期433-440,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：江苏省科技支撑计划项目(SBE2012342);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助

摘　　要：以淮河以南麦区大面积种植的春性小麦品种扬麦18为供试材料,研究了越冬期不同用量养猪处理废水（30、60、90和120m3·hm2）和穗期施氮水平（0、30、60和90kg·hm2）对小麦中微量元素含量和籽粒品质的影响。结果表明：小麦地上部植株Ca、Mg和Fe含量随着生育期的推进先下降后上升,Cu、Zn和Mn含量则呈不断下降趋势。Ca、Mg、Cu和Zn含量除拔节期以外,均以施用处理废水90m3·hm2并穗期施氮60kg·hm2为最高;各生育期Fe和Mn含量均以施用处理废水90m3·hm2并穗期施氮60kg·hm2为最高。Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe和Mn含量在各生育期均随着处理废水施用量的增加而增加。在品质方面,施用处理废水90m3·hm2并穗期施氮60kg·hm2为最佳施肥模式。养猪处理废水通过厌氧无害化处理后与氮肥配施应用于小麦栽培,能促进小麦植株微量元素的提高并改善籽粒品质,整体而言,以越冬期施入60-120m3·hm2处理废水、穗期配施氮肥90kg·hm2为宜。Taking Yangmai 18, widely cultivated in south of Huaihe River, as experimental material, this study investigated the effects of application of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 m3·hm-2 pig farm slurry （PS） at the wintering stage combined with the application of 0, 30, 60, 90 kg·hm-2urea at the heading stage on medium and microelement contents and quality of wheat. The results showed that the Ca, Mg and Fe contents of plant firstly decreased then increased with the extension of the growth period, but the Cu, Zn and Mn contents decreased continuously through the growth period. Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn reached the highest value at every growth stage except the jointing stage when applying 120 m3·hm-2 PS with 90 kg·hm-2 urea. Fe and Mn reached the highest value at every growth stage when applying 120 m3·hm-2 PS with 90 kg·hm-2 urea. The contents of Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn all increased with increasing PS application across the growth period. Regarding the quality of wheat, applying 90 m3·hm-2 PS with 60 kg·hm-2 urea was the best fertilization pattern. Combined applications of anaerobically treated PS with N fertilizer could increase medium and microelement contents and quality of wheat. Generally, it was recommended to apply 60-120 m3·hm-2 PS at the wintering stage and 90 kg·hm-2 urea at the heading stage under field conditions.

关 键 词：养猪废水 小麦 中微量元素 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]