比较视阈下的启蒙  

The Enlightenment in Comparative Perspective

作　　者：韩水法 丁耘 马德普 马敏 

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2014年第2期4-19,共16页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：与启蒙精神的对话，至今仍是思想界不能回避的挑战之一。特别对于中国学者来说，站在古今中西的双重难题之间，既要探索启蒙本身历久弥新的价值，又要尝试回答这种价值对于当代中国思想与实践的意义何在。为了切实推进学界对于上述问题的思考，中国社会科学杂志社与美国维思里安大学联合举办的“第二届中美学术高层论坛”，邀请两国学者围绕“比较视阈下的启蒙”进行了讨论。本专题精选了其中富有代表性的成果，以助力国内相关研究的切实推进。北京大学哲学系教授韩水法指出，理性在今天依然占据首要的地位，然相比于启蒙时代人们对它的展望和憧憬，情形则远没有那么理想和完美。理性没有形成内在一致的统一体系，反而更趋多样化，呈现更多的内在矛盾。A critique of the criticisms on modern enlightenment is a task confronting the modern people, for which Kantian philosophy can undoubtedly provide the basic principles and methodologies. Reason still holds a supreme position in today's world, but contrary to the expectations of those living in the age of Enlightenment, rather than forming a unitary and internally consistent system, reason seems more diversifi ed and is beleaguered by more internal confl icts. Kant's Critique of the Power of Judgment explained whether and how the different fi elds of reason and their principles could be linked, thus throwing light on the third meaning of enlightenment: Reason manifests itself through different faculties, principles and on different levels, which can be examined separately; the links among different principles and territories may be vague in theory, but they are phenomenally recognized. Further, phenomena should be represented on different levels: Besides those involved in the construction of knowledge concerning natural objects and norms guiding human behavior, under reason should there be faculties and forms regarding emotion and taste. Therefore, any attempt to critique reason should not let itself be confi ned to just the revealing of the known forms of reason and their structures through an analysis of various existing knowledge, but should examine the possibility of other forms of reason and their structures with a view to fi nding the conditions for knowledge that exist in other forms and is of a different nature unto that knowledge itself.

关 键 词：《判断力批判》 启蒙思想 视阈 中国社会科学 中国学者 北京大学 思想与实践 启蒙精神 

分 类 号：D091[政治法律—政治学]