国民革命前日本海军在长江流域的扩张  

The Japanese Navy's Expansion in the Yangtze River Basin before the National Revolution

作　　者：李少军[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,教授武汉430079

出　　处：《历史研究》2014年第1期45-61,189-190,共17页Historical Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"从晚清到抗战前夕长江流域与日本关系研究"(批准号2009JJD770031)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：甲午战争后,日本海军在对中国江海持续扩张过程中,以长江流域为重点,逐步将上海到重庆之间的区域都纳入其"巡航警备"范围之内,组成主要针对长江流域的舰队,为本国扩大市场、获取资源提供武力保障,并对沿岸民众反抗、革命运动和地方势力施压。从1917年下半年起,日舰常停泊于长江流域重要口岸;到20世纪20年代,面对中国反帝浪潮和地方动荡,日本海军日趋暴虐,派水兵上日船护航,并实现了对陆上设施的非法拥有,在上海和汉口形成河用炮舰组装能力。日本海军在扩张过程中,长期与英国保持协同关系。从中华民国建立到国民革命前,日舰在长江流域的实力和口岸分布大体上仅次于英国,成为日本侵华势力的重要分支。After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,in the course of its continued expansion into Chinese waterways,the Japanese Navy took the Yangtze River basin as a key point and gradually brought the area from Shanghai to Chongqing under the range of its patrol boats,forming a fleet targeting the Yangtze River basin.The fleet not only provided armed protection for the expansion of Japanese markets and for Japan's acquisition of resources,but also suppressed popular resistance along the Yangtze River,revolutionary movements and local forces.From the second half of 1917,Japanese fleets often anchored at important Yangtze ports.In the 1920 s,faced with the anti-imperialist movement and local turbulence,the Japanese navy became ever more brutal;for instance,it sent Japanese naval personnel to act as escorts on the fleets,seized onshore facilities illegally,and developed an assembly capacity for river gunboats in Shanghai and Hankou.In the course of its expansion,the Japanese navy maintained long-term cooperative relations with the British.From the establishment of the Republic of China to the National Revolution,the strength and distribution of the Japanese fleet in the Yangtze River basin and its ports were second only to that of Britain;it became an important branch of the Japanese invasion forces.

关 键 词：日本海军 巡航警备 长江流域 中日关系 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学]