旅游投资决定机制及其时空响应——以张家界为例  

Mechanism of tourism investment decision-making and its spatio-temporal responses: a case study in Zhangjiajie

作　　者：麻学锋[1] 何颖怡[1] 孙根年[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉首大学商学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2014年第2期222-231,共10页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261024);吉首大学学成返校博士科研资助项目(jsdxxcfxbskyxm201301);湖南省优秀社科研究基地专项资助项目(12JDZ24)

摘　　要：以张家界为例,分析了旅游投资决定机制的演变;运用旅游产业响应强度模型,分析武陵源区对旅游投资的时间响应特征,并阐述了在政府和市场作用下张家界旅游产业的空间响应和重构。结果显示:①从投资决定机制演变看,投资制度安排决定了张家界旅游发展不同时期的投资主体差异,并随制度的演变,凸显了阶段性旅游投资分工格局。②从时间响应看,在出现期,响应系数由1989年的0.1282增加到1992年的0.1341;在生成期,由1993年的0.1631提高到1999年的0.8511;在发展期,再从2000年的0.8767提高到2012年的1.1214,反映出旅游投资力度的强弱直接影响响应系数的大小。③从空间响应看,在政府、世界遗产管理制度和市场共同作用下,形成了以武陵源和天门山两个5A级景区为核心的空间格局,以及"景区游,城区住"的产业布局;经过重构后,旅游服务密度的排序为:桑植县<慈利县<永定区<武陵源区。Tourism investment has become a new topic in the academic community of tourism research in recent years. In this paper we analyzed tourism investment decision-making mechanism and corresponding consequenc- es, and, taking Zhangjiajie as an example, explored the evolution of tourism investment decision-making mecha- nism and set up a model for the response strength of the tourism industry. The model helped study the character- istics of temporal responses of Wulingyuan scenic spot and analyze specifically the temporal responses and the reconstruction of the evolutional process of Zhangjiajie tourism industry under the effects of local government and the market. The results showed that： （1） From the viewpoint of tourism investment decision-making mecha- nism, tourism investors have been changing dynamically and directly affected the growth of the industry in the different stages, and the changes of tourism investors in the different growth stages of Zhangjiajie tourism indus- try were determined by tourism investment policies and regulations. In addition, tourism investors played differ- ent roles in the different stages of the tourism industry growth along with the evolution of the tourism invest- ment system itself. Government and state-owned enterprises at all levels were the main sources of the invest- ments in the emergence stage of the tourism industry growth in Zhangjiajie, with the government investments to- gether with private investments as the main source in the initial stage, and private investments as the major source and government investment as the complementary source in the developmental stage. （2） From the view- point of the temporal responses in Zhangjiajie, the calculated response coefficient was overall in a rising trend with periodic fluctuations, showing the increasingly positive effects of the tourism investments on the growth of the tourism industry. Response coefficient of the tourism industry growth had a slow and steady increase of 0.006 from 0.1282 in 1989 to 0.1341 in 1992 be

关 键 词：旅游投资 决定机制 产业生成 响应强度 张家界 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理] F224[经济管理—产业经济]