废报纸基纤维素气凝胶的绿色制备及其清理泄漏油污性能  

Green Preparation of Cellulose Aerogel from Waste Newspapers and Its Performance in Oil Spill Cleaning

作　　者：金春德[1] 韩申杰 王进[1] 王喆[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《科技导报》2014年第4期40-44,共5页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：为制备廉价清洁的吸水吸油性废报纸基纤维素气凝胶（WNCA），使用1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐离子液体（AmlmCI）溶解无任何前处理的废报纸，经去离子水、无水乙醇和叔丁醇依次置换即可得纯净的纤维素水凝胶，将其冷冻干燥即可制备柔性的WNCA。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对制备的WNCA的形态特征、结晶特性及结晶度进行表征分析。结果表明，WNCA具有良好的多孔三维网络交联结构；其晶型结构为纤维素l型，结晶度为62．6％。较之所用原料提高了12．8％；该气凝胶能够吸收其自身质量18—20倍的水和废弃污油，通过简单挤压即可把99．8％的液体除去，具备循环利用性能，同时该气凝胶显示了良好的机械性能且可反弹。该研究所用试剂均绿色环保，为绿色气凝胶的制备提供了科学思路。To obtain cheap and clean waste newspaper based cellulose aerogel （WNCA） with water and oil absorption properties, the 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid （AmlmC1） was employed to dissolve waste newspapers without any pre-treatments. A pure cellulose hydrogel was acquired via solvent exchange from deionized water to ethanol, followed by solvent exchange from ethanol to tert-butanol, and after freeze-drying, flexible WNCA was prepared. The morphological characteristics, crystalline properties and crystallinity of the obtained WNCA were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM） and X-Ray Diffraction （XRD）. The results showed that WNCA has a favorable porous structure of three-dimensional networks. The crystalline type of the WNCA is the cellulose I type, and the crystallinity reaches 62.6%, increasing by 12.8% as compared with that of the raw material. The aerogel is able to absorb water and waste oil weighing 18-20 times of its own weight, and 99.8% of liquid can be removed through simple extrusion, indicating it has satisfactory recycling performance. Meanwhile, the WNCA shows good mechanical properties and can bounce. All reagents used in this study are environmentally friendly, providing clues for green preparation of aerogels.

关 键 词：气凝胶 废报纸 离子液体 吸油 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]