烟幕弹药研究进展  

Research Progress in Smoke Bombs

作　　者：冯长根[1] 乔小晶[1] 李旺昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学机电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《科技导报》2014年第4期110-115,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家部委预研项目(51305120302)

摘　　要：从烟幕弹结构、宽波段烟幕剂、安全环保3个方面介绍了烟幕弹的发展概况。阐述了可在空中大面积成烟的烟幕弹、可防止错误装配的烟雾组件、带有拖曳减速装置的烟炬、可浮在水面的烟雾罐等先进烟幕弹多层次多结构的装药设计及成烟方式;介绍了宽波段烟幕剂的配方组成,安全、环保型烟雾剂的配方及其改进方法。当采用脂肪族二羧酸或芳香族二羧酸作安定剂时,可以有效防止以轻金属做可燃剂的烟雾剂在长储过程中产生氨气导致烟雾药柱强度下降的问题。分析认为,未来烟幕弹药的发展方向为巧妙设计弹药结构、发展烟幕剂的宽波段适配技术、降低配方毒性、增强安全长储性等。The development of smoke bombs is discussed from the following three aspects： the structure of the smoke bomb, wide band smoke agent, and safety and environmental friendliness. Multi-level charge and skillful design of the bomb are discussed in detail, including smoke cartridges forming a smoke screen in the air, devices for preventing assembly errors, smoke torches with deceleration devices, and floatable smoke pot. The constituents of smoke agents and improvement for safety and environmental protection were introduced, such as a stabilizer consisting of aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids for reducing gaseous ammonia which weakens the structure of a smoke body when a light-metal powder is used as the metallic reduction agent in the smoke kit. Besides safety and environmental protection, skillful design of bomb structures and development of wide band adaptation techniques will be future research directions.

关 键 词：无源干扰 烟幕弹 烟幕剂 宽波段 

分 类 号：TJ411.9[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]