美国农业政策支持水平及改革走向  

Agricultural Support Level and Reform Trend of Agricultural Policies in the United States

作　　者：吕晓英[1] 李先德[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院经济管理学院,北京102206 [2]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2014年第2期102-109,112,共8页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"农业补贴政策的国际比较"(编号:08BJY136)

摘　　要：本文运用OECD农业支持指标体系进行衡量表明,美国对农业生产者的补贴呈现出下降趋势,近三年对农业生产的支持水平不足OECD平均水平的1/2,但是对一般服务的支持水平持续上升,对农产品消费者的补贴稳步提高,农业支持总量呈上升趋势。美国通过实施价格和收入支持、农业保险、国内食品援助、环境保护等国内支持政策以及促进出口的农产品贸易政策,形成了相对完备的农业政策支持体系。未来农业政策改革的方向是提高农业的长期竞争力,促进公平和实现农业可持续发展。美国农业支持政策的成功经验,对于完善中国农业政策、提高农业支持水平具有借鉴意义。Based on agricultural support indicators developed by OECD,support to producer in United States declined by less than half of the OECD average in past three years.The support to general services is rising and subsidies to consumer increase steadily,thus total support estimate in agriculture increases.Relatively comprehensive system of agricultural support is formed in the United States including price and income support,agricultural insurance,domestic food assistance,environment policies and trade measures to expend export of agricultural products.Reform of agricultural Policy in the future will promote long-term competitiveness and fair subsidy of agricultural sectors in a sustainable manner.Successful experiences of agricultural policies in United.States are used for reference of perfecting policies of agriculture and increasing agricultural support level in China.

关 键 词：美国 农业政策 农业支持水平 

分 类 号：F371.2[经济管理—产业经济]