两种小麦孢囊线虫在河南省郑州的侵染动态比较研究  

Infection dynamics of two species of cereal cyst nematode in Zhengzhou,Henan Province

作　　者：袁虹霞[1] 阎海涛[1] 孙炳剑[1] 邢小萍[1] 李洪连[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2014年第1期74-79,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903040);国家"十二五"粮食丰产科技工程河南课题(2012BAD04B07);中国科学院重点部署项目(CXJQ120111)

摘　　要：近年来,小麦孢囊线虫病已成为我国小麦生产上的重要病害之一。掌握病原线虫的侵染动态是病害防控基础。本文在田间条件下,对两种孢囊线虫—禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)和菲利普孢囊线虫(H.filipjevi)在河南郑州的侵染动态进行了比较研究,结果显示:小麦出苗后2周即可发现孢囊线虫的二龄幼虫侵入到小麦根内,4周后少量二龄幼虫发育为三龄,6周后根内幼虫数量达到第一次高峰,同时发现少量四龄幼虫。小麦出苗60 d后,由于温度较低,根内各虫态数量基本维持稳定;在120 d后,温度逐渐回升,根内二龄幼虫数量逐渐增加,幼虫数量的第二次高峰出现在小麦出苗后150 d左右,但入侵幼虫数量明显少于第一次。此后根内幼虫陆续发育为白雌虫和孢囊,白雌虫数量高峰出现在小麦出苗后180 d后。H.filipjevi三龄、四龄幼虫及白雌虫出现的时间均比H.avenae的早一周。The cereal cyst nematode has become one of the serious diseases of wheat in recent years in China. The basic work for disease control is to clarify the infection dynamics of pest nematodes. In this study, the infection dynamics of two species of cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae and H.filipjevi were assessed under field conditions in Zhengzhou of Henan. The results indicated that the wheat roots were infected by the second stage juveniles （J2s） two weeks after planting. A few of J2s developed into J3 subsequently. The first infection peak of J2s appeared at the sixth weeks after planting, and a few of the fourth stage juveniles were found in wheat roots at the same time. As the temperature decreased after 60 days of planting in the winter, the number of juvenile at different stages remained stable. As the temperature increased in the spring at 120 days after planting, the number of the second stage juveniles in roots started to increase and reached the second peak in late March and early April （150 days after planting）, with fewer nematodes than those in the first infection peak. Duration of the second peak is also much shorter than the first one. Finally the larva gradually developed into white females and cysts. The infection dynamics of two CCN species are almost same, but J3, J4 and white female of H.filipjevi appeared one week earlier than H. avenae. These results provided the essential information for the control of cereal cyst nematode of wheat.

关 键 词：禾谷孢囊线虫 菲利普孢囊线虫 侵染动态 

分 类 号：S435.121[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]