不同钾肥品种及配施对三七产量和品质的影响  

Different proportion of potassium chloride and potassium sulphate application on cultivation of Panax notoginseng

作　　者：郑冬梅[1] 欧小宏[2] 米艳华[3] 金航[4] 杨野[5] 刘大会[4] 

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学化学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650500 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430080 [3]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650223 [4]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650205 [5]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南昆明650050

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2014年第4期588-593,共6页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81260618,21267024);中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);云南省重点产业创新工程项目(2008IF025);云南省自然科学基金项目(2012FB192)

摘　　要：该文采用盆栽土培试验，研究了施用氯化钾和硫酸钾及配施对三七生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明，同对照相比，氯化钾和硫酸钾及两者配施均能显著提高三七生物量和产量，且氯化钾对三七增产效果略优于硫酸钾。2种钾肥及配施均也显著促进三七植株对K的吸收和三七地下部对N，P的吸收，并显著提高三七皂苷含量与累积量；其中，三七皂苷R1，人参皂苷Rg1，Rb1，Rd和总皂苷含量分别增加了54．54％～72．72％，11．15％～37．55％，2．26％～29．68％，10．34％-51．72％，13．85％～25．52％，且氯化钾和硫酸钾1：1配施时，三七各种皂苷成分含量最高。2种钾肥相比，氯化钾对皂苷成分含量的提升作用优于硫酸钾。三七对氯不敏感，氯化钾和硫酸钾对三七的生长发育及品质的形成作用等效。三七生产中推荐选用氯化钾做钾源，以提高三七产量和品质，降低钾肥投入成本。In order to make sure whether Panax notoginseng is sensitive to chloridion and guide fertilization in planting of P. notoginseng, the effects of the different proportion of potassium chloride （KC1） and potassium sulfate （K2SO4 ） on the yield, quality of P. notoginseng were studied. The results showed that K fertilizer significantly improved the growth of P. notoginseng and increased the biomass per plant or per pot and the content of N, P, K and the content of saponin. In cases of conditions such as potassium, and the effects of K2 SO4 on increasing the petiole length, leaf size, rhizome length, root length, and content and accumulation of Ginsenoside Rg1 were better than those of KC1. While compared with K2SO4, KCl was more conducive to augmenting height, root width, the biomass of shoot, rhizome, root and the content of Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd. There was not remarkable difference in agronomic characters, biomass and the content of N, P, K among KCl, K2 SQ and the combination of KCl and K2 SO4. However, the content of saponin of the treatment with combination of KCl and K2SO4 was significant higher than that of single KCl or K2SO4 treatments. K fertilizer significantly increased yield and the content of saponins. And P. notoginseng was not sensitive to chloridion. KCl increased the yield and the content of saponins of P. notoginseng as well as K2SO4, and the combination treatment was superior to single treatment. It is recommended that the KCl should be adopted in production, to reduce the cost of potash fertilizer.

关 键 词：三七 氯化钾 硫酸钾 产量 养分吸收 皂苷 

分 类 号：S567.236[农业科学—中草药栽培]