急性轻、中度缺氧暴露对心理运动及反应时的影响(英文)  

Effects of Acute Exposure to Mild or Moderate Hypoxia on Human Psychomotor Performance and Visual-reaction Time

作　　者：李学义[1] 吴兴裕 沈小凤 杨长斌 吴燕红 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学航空航天医学系,西安710032 [2]Department of Aerospace Medicine,Fourth Military Medical University,xi’an710032 [3]Department of Steward Medicine,China South west Airlines,chendu610202

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2000年第4期235-239,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究急性轻、中度缺氧暴露对人的心理运动及视觉反应时的影响。方法利用低压舱模拟30 0m (对照高度 )、2 80 0m、360 0m、440 0m高度缺氧暴露 1h ,考察了 1 8名健康男性青年被试者指叩测验、简单反应时和选择反应时的变化。结果血氧饱和度 (SaO2 )由地面对照值 98%分别降至 90 %、82 %和 74%。 2 80 0m缺氧暴露 1h心理运动绩效的各个参数并无显著改变 (P >0 .0 5)。 360 0m缺氧暴露时选择反应时的平均反应时明显延长 ,运动绩效下降 (P <0 .0 5) ,且随着高度的增加以上影响进一步加重 (P <0 .0 1 )。而简单反应时和指叩测验的绩效暴露于 440 0m时仍无显著改变 (P >0 .0 5)。结论本研究的结果提示 ,急性缺氧暴露于 2 80 0m高度 1h并未对心理运动产生严重影响 ,而暴露于 360 0m以上高度时会对选择反应时等复杂反应产生负面影响 ,且随着高度的增加而加重。Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether psychomotor performance and visual reaction time were affected by acute exposure to mild or moderate hypoxia. Method Eighteen healthy male volunteers performed finger tapping, simple reaction time(SRT) and 4 choice reaction time(CRT) tests at simulated altitude of 300 m (control),2800 m, 3600 m and 4400 m for 1 h in a hypobaric chamber. Result SaO 2 decreased from 98%(control) to 90%,82% and 74% respectively at the various altitudes. All the performance parameters showed no significant change after exposure to 2800 m for 1 h relative to ground level(P>0.05). However the mean reaction time of 4 CRT under 3600 m prolonged and performance decreased as compared with baseline value(P<0.05), and the performance decreased further under 4400 m(P<0.01). No significant difference was found in finger tapping and SRT even under exposure to 4400 m for 1 h.Furthermore, no decrease in correct rate were observed at any altitude (P>0.05). Conclusion The results from this study demonstrated that there were no measurable impairment of visual reaction time and psychomotor performance under exposure to an altitude of 2800 m for 1 h. However, adverse effects on psychomotor performance were observed under 3600 m and over.

关 键 词：高空缺氧 模拟试验 心理运动 反应时 工效 

分 类 号：R852.11[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]