温州市某县居民应对台风灾害的知识与技能的干预效果评价  

Evaluation of Intervention on Typhoon Related Knowledge and Skills of Residents in a County of Wenzhou City

作　　者：陈镭[1] 张晓红[1] 林南[2] 杨桂丽[1] 胡琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江325000 [2]苍南县疾病预防控制中心,浙江325800

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2014年第2期112-115,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：温州市医药卫生科研项目(编号:2011A020)

摘　　要：[目的]了解温州市某县城乡居民应对台风灾害的知识与技能的干预效果,探索相关健康教育工作思路和方法。[方法]采取多阶段随机抽样法,对温州市苍南县2个城镇及2个农村社区项目点的居民进行为期1年的台风灾害健康教育干预,并通过问卷调查评价干预前、后的效果。[结果]在开展干预活动后,居民防御台风灾害总体意识从干预前的74.96%提高到干预后的85.09%,应对台风灾害知识与技能总知晓率由干预前的73.94%提高到干预后的83.88%,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=76.45、317.63,P<0.01);其中,城镇居民的知晓率增加了4.58%,农村居民知晓率提升了15.15%,农村居民知晓率提高幅度高于城镇居民,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(χ2=32.84、379.23,P<0.01)。[结论]本次干预总体有效,农村社区的干预效果好于城镇社区,应继续深入开展有针对性的台风灾害健康教育与研究。[Objective] To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program that provide knowledge and skills to cope with typhoon disaster for urban and rural residents in a county of Wenzhou city, and to explore new ideas and approaches for typhoon related health education. [Methods] With multiple stage random sampling technique, a questionnaire survey was carried out among residents from 2 urban communities and 2 rural villages in Cangnan county, Wenzhou, to evaluate the intervention effect by comparison of selected indicators before and after a one-year typhoon disaster education intervention program. [Results]After the intervention program, the overall consciousness of typhoon defense in the selected residents increased from the baseline 74.96% to 85.09%, and the total awareness rate of typhoon disaster related knowledge and skills increased from 73.94% to 83.88% （χ2=76.45 and 317.63 respectively, P 〈 0.01）. In addition, compared with the urban residents’ awareness rate of typhoon knowledge which increased by 4.58%, the rate in the rural residents increased by 15.15% （χ2=32.84 and 379.23 respectively, P 〈 0.01）. [Conclusion]This intervention program proves effective in general, and the effect in rural villages is apparently better than in urban communities. Health education on typhoon disaster, therefore, should continue.

关 键 词：城乡居民 台风灾害 健康教育 知识 技能 干预 效果评价 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]