湖北省宜昌市2008-2012年手足口病流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yichang, Hubei province, 2008-2012

作　　者：曹亚军[1] 徐勇[1] 潘会明[1] 赵鑫[1] 刘继恒[1] 杨忠诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443003

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2014年第1期111-114,143,共5页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：三峡大学2012年青年科学基金(KJ2012A035)

摘　　要：目的分析湖北省宜昌市2008—2012年手足口病疫情流行特征，为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法，对宜昌市2008—2012年手足口病发病情况和病原检测情况进行分析。结果2008—2012年宜昌市报告手足口病20774例，年均报告发病率为104．80／10万，重症2例，无死亡病例报告。主要集中在0~6岁儿童，占总病例数的92．19％（19152／20774）。男性发病率为121．53／10万，高于女性的86．99／10万，差异有统计学意义（X2=564．423，P〈0．01）。宜昌市5个市辖区年均报告发病率为134．57／10万，高于其余8个农村县市的89．83／10万，差异有统计学意义（x2=843．08，P〈0．01）。职业分布以散居儿童（46．99％）和幼托儿童（46．62％）为主；发病高峰为4—7月，次高峰11—12月。实验室确诊占报告总病例的3．32％（689／20774），样本检测阳性率60．12％（689／1146）。确诊病例中，EV71型（220例）占31．93％，CoxAl6型（271例）占39．33％，其他肠道病毒（198例）占28．74％。结论宜昌市手足口病发病有明显的季节、地区、年龄、性别差异，发病逐年上升。应加强疫情监测和宣传教育力度，有针对性落实重点季节、重点地区、重点人群、重点环节防控措施是防控手足口疫情的关键。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yichang from 2008 to 2012, and to provide scientific evidence for making preventive measures. Method Descriptive epidemiology was used to study the incidence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yichang from 2008 to 2012. Results Totally 20 774 HFMD cases were reported with an annual incidence rate of 104.80/10S.There were 2 serious cases and no dead case was found.92.19% of the cases were children younger than 6 years old.The incidence in the male subjects （121.53/105） was higher than the female subjects （86.99/105） ,and the difference was significant （X2=564.423,P〈O.O1）. The incidence of HFMD in the five counties in Yichang （134.57/105） was higher than the other 8 villages/districts （89.83/l@,x2=843.08,P〈O.O1）.Labor distribution majors in scattered children （46.99%） and children in kindergarten（46.62%） ; The peak incidence was between April and July, and the second peak was between November and December.Laboratory-confirmed cases take 3.32%（689/20 774） of total reported number of cases, samples positive rate is 60.12%（689/1146）.In confirmed cases, EV71 takes 31.93% （220 cases）,CoxA16 takes 39.33% （271 cases） ,other enteroviruses takes 28.74%（198 cases）. Conclusions Hand- foot-and-mouth disease has a distinct epidemiological features （seasonal occurrence,age,gender and geographical distribution） in the Yichang city. Surveillance and education should be strengthened.

关 键 词：手足口病 发病率 疫情分析 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]