小儿胰腺损害的超声声像特征及相关病因分析  

The Ultrasound Characteristics and the Related Causes of Pediatric Pancreatic Damage

作　　者：杨芳[1] 陈文娟[1] 张号绒[1] 张雪华[1] 胡原[1] 张杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院特检科,长沙市410007

出　　处：《中国超声医学杂志》2014年第2期155-158,共4页Chinese Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine

摘　　要：目的总结引起小儿胰腺损害的相关病因,归纳其超声声像特征。方法追踪286例胰腺超声声像异常住院患儿的临床资料,并总结分析其相关病因及超声声像图特征。结果 286例胰腺损害的病因中,感染70例(24.5%),全身性非感染性疾病53例(18.5%),特发性胰腺炎38例(13.3%),外伤36例(12.6%),胆道疾患34例(11.9%),肾脏疾病16例(5.6%),胰腺先天性解剖异常6例(2.1%),胃肠道疾病5例(1.7%),胰腺肿瘤8例(2.8%),其他原因20例(7%)。胰腺损害的超声声像特征:胰腺一过性损害组及轻度损害组胰腺可肿大,边缘清晰光滑,回声均匀或增强,后者可伴有胰管扩张、胰周及腔隙积液;胰腺重度损害组胰腺肿大明显,部分形态失常,轮廓模糊,回声增强或不均匀,胰周及腔隙积液较多见,亦可形成假性囊肿。结论小儿胰腺损害的主要病因是感染、全身性非感染性疾病、特发性胰腺炎。不同胰腺损害组都有其特征性声像改变。Objective To analyze the related causes of pancreatic damage in children,and summarize ultrasonic characteristics.Methods To retrospectively study the clinnical data of 286 hospitalized children with pancreas abnormal by ultrasound,to a analyze their related causes and ultrasound features.Results Among 286 cases,70 cases （24.5 ％） were infection,53 cases （18.5 ％） were systemic non-infection diseases,idiopathic pancreatitis in 38 cases （13.3％）,and 36 cases of traumatic pancreatic injury （12.6 ％）,biliary tract disease in 34 cases （11.9 ％）,kidney disease in 16 cases （5.6 ％）,congenital anatomic abnormalities of the pancreas in 6 cases （2.1 ％）,gastrointestinal diseases in 5 cases （1.7 ％）,8 cases of pancreatic tumor （2.8 ％）,other causes in 20 cases （7 ％）.Ultrasonic characteristics of pancreatic damage：The transient pancreatic damage group and mild damage group showed a slightly swollen but the edge was clear in pancreas,the echo of pancreas is uniform or slightly enhanced.The latter showed the expansion of pancreatic duct and effusion in the peripancreatic or the cavity of body.The severely damage group showed the pancreas swelling with blur form profile and the edget,echogenicity were enhanced or uneven.Furthermore,effusion was seen in the peripancreatic or other cavity or a pseudocyst was found.Conclusions The causes of pancreatic damage include infection,systemic non-infection disease,idiopathic pancreatitis.Each group of pancreatic damage has its characteristic.

关 键 词：胰腺损害 超声 病因 小儿 

分 类 号：R725.7[医药卫生—儿科] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]