批量式沼气发酵中细菌类群变化及其与产气之间的相关性  

Changing of Bacterial Group in Batch Type Anaerobic Fermentation and its Correlations with Biogas Production

作　　者：田光亮[1] 崔晓龙[2] 杨斌[1] 董明华[2] 李秋敏[1] 吴艳[2] 张莉娟[1] 李映娟 肖炜[2] 尹芳[1] 王永霞[2] 赵兴玲[1] 张无敌[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学,昆明650000 [2]云南大学微生物研究所,昆明650000

出　　处：《中国沼气》2014年第1期13-17,22,共6页China Biogas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160123/C0309);云南省科技条件平台建设项目(2010DH012)

摘　　要：在相同温度和初始发酵液条件下,采用DGGE指纹图谱结合沼气产量与成分,对批量式沼气发酵的3个发酵重复的分析,表明了沼气发酵体系中细菌类群丰富的多样性.随着发酵的进行,细菌绝对数量先增加后趋于稳定;细菌类群发生明显的变化,发酵时间越长,发酵前后的细菌类群区别越大;有的细菌类群始终保持优势,不受产气速率、甲烷含量和温度变化的影响;有的细菌类群在特定发酵时期处于优势地位,且与产气速率和甲烷含量的变化存在相关性;发酵前84天的DGGE分析表明,3个重复的细菌类群特别是优势类群的变化基本同步,但也存在一定区别,相似度在65％ ～83％之间.与细菌类群变化相对应,三个重复的产气速率和甲烷含量的变化也基本同步,在发酵前55天,5日产气量在2～8L之间,甲烷体积百分数从65％下降到30％ ～45％之间.发酵60天到100天,产气速率迅速升高并达到高峰,高峰时的5日产气量达到20 L,甲烷体积百分数迅速升高并达到顶峰为72％ ～75％;从较短的发酵期间来看,3个重复的产气速率和甲烷含量也存较明显区别,这与3个重复在同一时期细菌类群存在一定的差异性相对应.The DGGE fingerprint method was adopted and analysis were carried out based on biogas production and gas composition under same temperature and initial fermenting liquor in batch type fermentation,The result showed the diversity of bacterial groups in the biogas fermentation system.Along with the fermentation,the absolute bacteria number increased initially and then gradually became stable.The bacterial groups had obvious changes during the fermentation：the longer the fermentation last,the greater the difference of bacteria groups from fermentation beginning to the end.Some bacteria groups kept predominating from beginning to the end,not influenced by the biogas production rate,methane content and the temperature.Some bacteria groups predominated in particular fermentation period,and had correlation with biog,as production rate and the methane content.The DGGE analysis showed that the change of bacteria groups of 3 repetition tests,especially the dominant bacteria groups,were basically the same during the first 84 days of fermentation,but there were still some differences and the similarity were between 65％ ～ 83％.Corresponding with changes of bacteria groups,the change of biogas production rate and methane content in 3 repetitions were also basically the same.The 5-day gas production were 2 ～ 8 L during the first 55 day fermentation with methane content of 30％ ～ 45％,and the 5-day gas production rose to 20 L with methane content of 72％ ～ 75％ during the following 60 ～ 100 days fermentation.From the view of the tested fermentation period,the gas producing rate and methane content of 3 repetitions had a relatively distinct difference,which was corresponding to the differences of bacteria groups at the same period.

关 键 词：沼气发酵 聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳 细菌类群 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]