石棉尘职业性接触限值的研制进展  

PROGRESS IN THE SETTING OF OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMIT FOR AIRBORNE ASBESTOS DUST

作　　者：黄建权[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学预防医学研究所,上海市医学院路138号200032

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》1991年第3期140-144,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：本文首先讨论了石棉肺、肺癌与间皮瘤三种与石棉有关的疾病,作为观察石棉接触与反应关系的指标的可行性,复习了石棉计数测定方法的进展,重点介绍了英、美两国对石棉尘接触限值的研制过程和结果。本文收集了50多个国家对石棉尘的职业接触限值或卫生标准,以作比较。除苏联、东欧及中国外,均已改用纤维计数法作为衡量石棉尘浓度的方法,其限值绝大多数国家在2f/ml以下,半数以上国家已降低到1f/ml以下。有20个国家已对危害最大的青石棉另订出更严格的限值,均在0.5f/ml以下,大多数为0.2f/ml。The feasibility of asbestos related diseases(asbestosis,lung cancer and mesotheli-oma) as a response index of exposure level-response relationship of asbestos has been discussed.The progress of fibre count measurement for airborne asbestos dust has been reviewed, and the process and result of setting the occupational exposure limit for asbestos dust in United Kingdom and the USA have been introduced emphatically. The occupational exposure limit or hygiene standard for asbestos dust from more than 50 countries has been collected for reference. Fibre count measurement has been widely accepted to express the airborne asbestos dust concentration by all countries except the USSR, East European countries and China. Most countries take 2f/ml or less as their exposure limit whereas more than half of them take 1 f/ml or even less. For crocidolite, the most dangerous asbestos, about 20 countries take more strict exposure limit as 0.5f/ml or less, whereas most of them take 0.2 f/ml.

关 键 词：石棉尘 卫生标准 接触限值 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]