我国能源企业多元化经营驱动因素及伴生效应研究——以中广核集团为例  

Analysis of Driving Factors and Associated Effects of Diversified Business of Chinese Energy Enterprises——In the Case of China General Nuclear Power Group

作　　者：邹树梁[1] 王晓亭[1] 刘文君[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中外能源》2014年第2期13-18,共6页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(编号:12CJY013);湖南省教育厅科学研究优秀青年项目(编号:12B112)的资助

摘　　要：我国能源企业的多元化行为主要受到驱致性因素和引致性因素的影响,其中驱致性因素包括企业生命周期的交替、国家和政策因素以及企业逐利的根本属性,引致性因素包括希望利用企业资源禀赋、寻求生产要素和管理者动机。在能源企业多元化决策中,逐利的根本属性和资源、政策因素往往给企业带来一种驱致性的多元化压力,而希望利用剩余资源、寻求生产要素是能源企业多元化的引致性的主观动因,同时管理者动因也在多元化决策中起着重要作用。在企业多元化经营中也伴随着一系列的伴生效应,如优化资产组合、获得市场势力、节约交易成本等。中广核集团作为我国三大国有核电企业之一,其多元化经营策略主要表现为:在推动核电、铀资源开发的基础上,加强风电、水电、太阳能等非核产业链的布局,实现核能及非核清洁能源的协同发展。中广核的营业利润除了核电带来的收益外,其他经营项目每年带来的营业利润都在10%左右,其多元化经营不仅没有影响发电业务,而且还在一定程度上促进了企业收益的增加。多元化是我国能源企业发展的必然趋势,也是我国的能源战略之一。能源企业应该在发展多元化的过程中注意培育自身的核心竞争力,政府应创造良好的政策、经济环境来促进能源企业的集约化。Chinese energy enterprises＇ behavior of diversifying business is primarily driven by two types of factors--passive factors and active factors.Passive factors include the alteration of enterprise life cycles,national and policy factors,and enterprises＇ basic attributes to pursue profits.Active factors include the hope to utilize enterprises＇ resources,seeking means of production and managers＇ motives.In an energy enterprise＇s diversified policy-making process ,the basic attribute of profit pursue and resource and policy factors usually create a passive pressure on diversification,while the hope to utilize remaining resources and seeking means of production are the active motives of an enterprise important role in the diversified policy-making to diversify business.In addition,manager factor also plays an process.An enterprise＇s diversified operation is also accompanied by a series of associated effects,such as optimized portfolios,obtainment of market power, trading cost savings,etc.China General Nuclear Power Group （CGN） is one of three biggest state-owned nuclear power producers in China.Its diversified business strategy is primarily reflected in the following areas：While promot- ing the development of nuclear power and uranium resources,strengthening the construction of non-nuclear industrial chains such as wind power,hydropower and solar energy to achieve the growth of nuclear power as well as non-nuclear clean energy sources in a harmonious manner.In addition to the earnings from the nu- clear power business,CGN＇s other business accounts for about 10% of the group＇s operating profit each year. Business diversification does not affect the group＇s power generating business and has also given a boost to the group＇s revenue.Business diversification is a path that domestic energy enterprises have to take and is also one of China＇s national energy strategies.Energy enterprises should pay attention to the development of core competitiveness while pushing diversification and the government

关 键 词：能源企业 多元化 驱致性因素 引致性因素 伴生效应 核心竞争力 

分 类 号：F426.23[经济管理—产业经济] F224