不同鸭种肌纤维早期发育特性及其与骨骼肌生长发育的相关性研究  

Study on Myofiber Characteristics during Early Development Stage and Associations with Skeletal Growth and Development in Different Duck Breeds(Anas platyrhynchos domestica)

作　　者：单艳菊[1] 束婧婷[1] 胡艳[1] 宋迟[1] 徐文娟[1] 李慧芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所家禽遗传育种重点实验室,扬州225125

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2014年第2期225-231,共7页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31172194);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(No.BE2012460)

摘　　要：畜禽肌纤特性与产肉量、肉品质密切相关,为探讨鸭(Anas platyrhynchos domestica)早期腿肌肌纤维发育特点及其对腿肌重、体重等生长发育指标的影响,本研究首次采用肌球蛋白三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)碱孵育法研究生长速度差异较大的高邮鸭和金定鸭21、25和27胚龄和出雏后7日龄时腿肌腓肠肌肌纤维组织学特性并分析其与腿肌重、体重的相关性。结果表明,1)在胚胎后期,两鸭种胚重、腿肌重以及腓肠肌的肌纤维直径、横切面积、密度均不存在品种差异,仅存在显著的胚龄效应;7日龄的高邮鸭体重、腿肌重却极显著高于金定鸭(P<0.01);2)腓肠肌肌纤维类型可被分成快白肌(Ⅱb)、快红肌(Ⅱa)和慢肌(Ⅰ)3种,快白肌比例最高,胚胎后期到出雏早期,鸭腿肌腓肠肌存在由快白肌纤维向慢肌肌纤维转化的趋势;3)两鸭种体重、腿肌重均与腓肠肌肌纤维直径、横切面积呈正相关,而与肌纤维密度呈负相关。本结果为研究鸭骨骼肌和肉质的发生发育和调控机制提供了重要参考依据。Characteristics of livestock myofiber not only determine meat production but also closely relate to meat quality. The present study was firstly designed to research the characteristics of myofiber during late embryonic and post-hatch development and their associations with skeletal growth and development in two duck breeds（Anas platyrhynchos domestica） （Gaoyou ducks and Jinding ducks） with different growth rate. Gastrocnemius muscles collected from two duck breeds of 21, 25 and 27 embryonic development and 7 day post-hatching were cut at -20℃ using a cryotome and then stained with the method of myosin-ATPase. The results showed that there was no significant difference between two breeds in leg weight, body weight, myofiber diameter, cross-sectional area and density during late embryonic development, but the age effect was significant. The myofiber diameter and cross-sectional area of the two duck breeds increased while the myofiber density decreased throughout the embryonic development. At 7 day post-hatching, leg weight and body weightof Gaoyou duck was significantly higher than that of Jinding duck （P〈0.01）, but there was still no significant difference in myofiber diameter, cross-sectional area and density between two breeds （P〉0.05）. The myofiber cross-sectional area of two duck breeds decreased slightly （P〉0.05） at 7 day post-hatching while the myofiber density increased significantly （P〈0.05）. Gastrocnemius myofibers of two duck breeds could be divided into three types （typeⅠ, typeⅡa and typeⅡb ）, and the proportion of type IIb was highest. There existed a trend in duck gastrocnemius muscles that a few of type IIb was switching to type I during late embryo to early hatching period. The correlation analysis showed that in both two duck breeds leg weight and body weight were positively correlated with myofiber diameter and cross-sectional area and negative correlated with myofiber density. These results provide an important reference for studying the development and

关 键 词：鸭 肌纤维发育 ATPase染色 胚胎后期 出雏早期 相关性 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]