银杏苗根生垂乳分泌腔的解剖结构与组织化学研究  

Anatomy and Histochemistry Study of Secretory Cavities in Rooted Chichies on Seedlings of Ginkgo biloba

作　　者：付兆军[1] 邢世岩[1] 叶宝兴[2,3] 谭秀山[2,3] 黄岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学生命科学学院,山东泰安271018 [3]作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《园艺学报》2014年第2期205-214,共10页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD21B04);国家自然科学基金项目(30671707)

摘　　要：以银杏苗木根生垂乳为试材，通过树脂半薄切片技术观察分泌腔的发生发育过程，运用组织化学方法初步研究分泌腔分泌物的主要成分。结果表明：银杏苗根生垂乳中，分泌腔主要分布在皮层中，由一层分泌细胞围绕一个圆形或椭圆形的腔道和2～3层鞘细胞构成，分泌腔直径平均为566．7μm。分泌腔由原始细胞团细胞裂溶生而形成，原始细胞团细胞较小，细胞核大，细胞质浓。随分泌腔发育，原始细胞团中央细胞胞间层膨胀、溶解，形成胞间隙，胞间隙扩大到一定程度，中央细胞开始溶解。分泌腔随中央细胞不断溶解而扩大直至分泌细胞停止溶解，分泌腔成熟。根生垂乳顶端皮层及不定芽分生组织中有大量发育程度不同的分泌腔。根生垂乳原始细胞团具有较强的嗜锇性，核蛋白丰富，但淀粉粒较少。中央细胞溶解阶段，分泌细胞及空腔中均有嗜锇物质，空腔中还有大量蛋白质类物质及少量较小的淀粉粒。分泌腔成熟后，分泌腔中基本无蛋白质及淀粉粒，但分泌细胞与鞘细胞均呈现较强的嗜锇性。This study took rooted chichies of Ginkgo biloba L. as experimental material, according to use the resin semi-thin section technique to observe the occurrence and developmental process of secretory cavities and use the histochemistry method to preliminarily study the basis secretion of secretory cavities. The results show that： The secretory cavities consists of two-three stratums of sheath cells and one stratum of secretory cells around a round or oval cavity. The average diameter of secretory cavities is 566.7 μm. The secretory cavities are developed from the schizolysigenous of original cell clusters which cells are small but with large nucleus and dense cytoplasm. The intercellular layer of central cells in original cellclusters swells, expands and finally forms intercellular space along with the secretory cavities developing. When the intercellular space expands to a certain extent, central cells of original cell clusters begin to dissolve. The secretory cavities gradually expands with central cells continually dissolve until central cells stop dissolving, then a mature secretory cavity forms. A large number of secretory cavities with different degree of developments are located in the cortex of tip and the meristem of adventitious bud in the tip of rooted chichi. The original cell clusters in rooted chichi have obvious osmiophilia, nucleoprotein is abundant while starch grain is a fat lot. During the central cells dissolving period, there are osmiophilic materials in all secretory cells and cavities with a mass of protein material and a spot of starch grain. After ~e secretory cavities mature, there is no protein and starch grain in cavities while secretory cells and sheath ceils both have strong osmiophilia.

关 键 词：银杏 根生垂乳 分泌腔 解剖结构 组织化学 

分 类 号：S664.3[农业科学—果树学]