声调意义的疆域——汉语普通话单音名词声调理据研究  

The Realm of the Tones——A data based study on the semantic distribution in the four tones in Mandarin Chinese monosyllabic words

作　　者：张立昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外国语言文学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2014年第1期155-160,共6页Qilu Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"英汉词汇对比研究:认知语义视角"(11BYY114);教育部人文社科规划项目"词汇语义的认知语言学研究"(09YJA740070)

摘　　要：词语的声调不仅是区别意义的手段,而是与词语所表达的意义有关。声调的高低、长短、发声力度的强弱都与词语所指事物的形状、形态、质地、程度等方面有着密切的联系,这使得意义在声调中的分布一定呈现互补性。声调在本质上并不是简单的别义标记,而是汉语使用者在语言的创造与使用过程中,结合自己的语言实际,利用声调自身特征以及声调对于词语语音及发音过程的影响,以实现最大限度的模拟自然事物特征的努力的结果。Tones, which are usually regarded as marks signaling the semantic differences between words, are proved to be highly motivated in this data based study. It is found that the phonetic features of a word＇s tone including pitch, length and a-coustic intensity are closely related to such features as form, length, texture, etc. of the referent of that word. A hypothesis is proposed that the tone allows the speaker to imitate the perceived features of the world by directly utilizing the tonic features or their influences on the way of articulation of the word.

关 键 词：汉语普通话 声调 象似性 语义分布 理据 

分 类 号：H102[语言文字—汉语]