失败后自尊对自我相关信息记忆偏好的影响  

Effects of Self-esteem on Memory Bias on Self-relevant Information after Failure

作　　者：田录梅[1] 张向葵[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014 [2]东北师范大学心理学系,长春130024

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2014年第1期12-15,37,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划项目(2012GG0036);山东省"十二五"优势特色学科(发展与教育心理学)支持

摘　　要：目的:探讨失败这一消极事件是否会增强高自尊者对自我相关信息的积极记忆偏好。方法:采用2(实验处理:失败组/控制组)×2(自尊水平:高/低)×2(性别:男/女)×2(信息效价:积极/消极)四因素混合设计,以320名大学生为被试。结果:高自尊者比低自尊者回忆了显著更多的积极信息,而且高自尊者在失败组比在控制组也回忆了显著更多的积极信息,而低自尊者没有这一显著差异。结论:高自尊者比低自尊者有更积极的记忆偏好,且失败增强了这一效应。Objective： To explore whether failure can enhance the positive memory bias for self-relevant information in people with high self-esteem. Methods： To adopt a 2（experimental treatment： failure group/control group）×2（self-esteem： high/low） x 2（sex： male/female） ×2（valence of information ： positive/negative） mixed design with 320 undergraduate partici- pants. Results： The participants with higher self-esteem recalled significantly more positive information than those with lower self-esteem did; and they recalled significantly more positive information after failure compared to the control group without failure as well. Conclusion： People with high self-esteem have more memory bias positive information than those with low self-esteem. This effect will be enhanced by failure.

关 键 词：失败 自尊 自我相关信息 记忆偏好 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]