混播草皮缓冲带对农田径流氮磷去除效果研究  

Study on Removal Efficiency of Mixed-sown Grass Buffer Strip on Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Farmland Runoff

作　　者：何聪[1] 刘璐嘉[1] 王苏胜[1] 周明耀[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学水利科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2014年第3期25-28,共4页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金重点项目(BK2010041)

摘　　要：草皮缓冲带作为防治农业面源污染的一种有效技术得到越来越广泛的应用。以去除氮磷效果最佳为目标，提出了将草皮混播技术运用到缓冲带的构建中，并筛选出了合理的草种混播比例。根据豆科牧草和禾本科牧草的相容性，选择扬州本地具有推广价值的草坪草本植物白花三叶草（ Trifolium repens）与高羊茅（ Festuca arundinacea）作为供试植被，研究不同草种混播比例下草皮缓冲带对农田径流污染物的去除效果。结果表明，在总氮、总磷进水浓度分别为7．78～27．22 mg/L和0．47～1．61 mg/L的试验条件下，混播草皮的存在明显提高缓冲带对污染物的去除效果，且对渗流水污染物的去除效果明显高于径流，当白花三叶草与高羊茅混播比例为1∶3时，缓冲带对径流水和渗流水中总氮、总磷的去除效果较好，且植物生长状况良好，具有较好的环境适应性。Grass buffer strip has been more and more widely used as an effective technology for prevention and control on agri -cultural non-point-source pollution .In this paper , aiming at the best efficiency of removing nitrogen and phosphorus , we brought forward that the grass mixed -sowing technology could be used in the construction of grass buffer strip , and screened out a reasona-ble proportion of mixed -sown grass seeds .According to the compatibility of leguminous forage and gramineous pasture , we selected Trifolium repens and Festuca arundinacea as the tested vegetations , which are the local herbs with promotional value in Yangzhou , and studied the removal efficiency of the grass buffer strip mixed -sown in different proportions on the farmland runoff pollutants . The results indicated that：under the test conditions that the influent concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 7.78~27.22 mg/L and 0.47~1.61 mg/L respectively, the presence of mixed -sown grass significantly improve the removal efficiency of buffer strip on pollutants , and its removal efficiency on pollutants in vadose water was obviously higher than that in runoff .When the ratio of sown Trifolium repens seeds to sown Festuca arundinacea seeds was 1∶3, the mixed-sown grass buffer strip had better efficiency of removing the total nitrogen and total phosphorus in runoff and vadose water , and the grasses grew well and had a better environmental adaptability .

关 键 词：草皮缓冲带 混播比例 径流 渗流 农业面源污染 总氮 总磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]