流式细胞术在体外微核分析中的应用进展  

Progress in application of flow cytometry in the in vitro micronucleus assays

作　　者：欧红梅[1] 涂宏刚[1] 周长慧[1] 常艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医药工业研究院 国家上海新药安全评价研究中心,上海201203

出　　处：《中国新药杂志》2014年第4期427-431,共5页Chinese Journal of New Drugs

基　　金：国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项(2012ZX09505001-003)

摘　　要：体外微核试验以观察分裂细胞中微核的形成来检测化合物遗传毒性,试验周期较体内微核试验短、成本低且符合"减少、替代、优化"原则。与染色体畸变试验比较,体外微核试验还能检测非整倍体诱变剂,且检测终点简单,易于自动化检测。基于流式细胞仪的微核自动化检测技术与传统镜检技术相比,具有显著优势,可以快速、准确、高通量检测化合物的遗传毒性,且贴壁细胞和悬浮培养细胞均适用。本文阐述了流式细胞仪检测体外微核技术的发展,方法学验证,客观、高效、检测信息量大的优势,尚存不足之处及改进,望为其在体外微核试验中的广泛应用提供参考依据。The in vitro micronucleus （MNvit） assay is a genotoxicity test for the detection of micronuclei （MN） in the cytoplasm of interphase cells. It takes less time, is cheaper than the in vivo micronucleus assay, and is in conformity with the principle on ＂reduction, replacement, and refinement＂. In many situations, the assay is replacing chromosome aberration tests due to the MN endpoint＇s simpler technical requirements. Furthermore, it is well appreciated that MN-based assays have a greater capacity to classify chromosomal damaging agents as aneugens or clastogens. Here we reviewed the development of flow cytometry and demonstrated several advantages of flow cytometric analyses, including increased speed and efficiency, greater numbers of cells evaluated, higher information content, and sensitive cytotoxicity assessments. Moreover, the drawbacks and methods to improve have also been introduced. Extensive application of the flow cytometric analyses in MNvit is the most promising.

关 键 词：体外微核试验 毒性评价 流式细胞术 遗传毒性检测 

分 类 号：R99[医药卫生—毒理学]