黄土坡面径流输沙过程试验研究  

Experimental Study on Process of Sediment Transport and Overland Flow on the Loess Slope

作　　者：赵海滨[1,2] 曹京京[1,2] 姚文艺[3] 申震洲[3] 

机构地区：[1]黄河水利职业技术学院,河南开封475003 [2]小流域水利河南省高校工程技术研究中心,河南开封475003 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2014年第1期90-94,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2011CB403303);黄河水利职业技术学院科研基金项目(2012KXJS004)

摘　　要：为了建立合理的土壤侵蚀评价和预报模型,基于泥沙运动理论,通过室内径流冲刷模拟试验,以黄土坡面为研究对象,研究了坡面径流输沙过程,推导了坡面径流输沙率理论公式。研究结果表明,不同坡度、流量组合条件下,坡面平均流速和不同时段的产沙比随冲刷历时的变化具有相同的变化趋势;坡度对流速和坡面产沙比的阶段性影响相反;坡面侵蚀输沙变化规律受制于流量和坡度之间的相互对比情况,坡度越陡,坡面流达到侵蚀平衡时刻越早;通过试验数据验证输沙率公式,相关系数为R2=0.799 3。In order to establish mathematical model for assessing and predicting the development trend of soil erosion, based on the theory of sediment movement, the processes of sediment transport was studied by the scouring experiment on loess slope, and then the theoretical formula of sediment transport was derived. The results show that there is the same trend between average velocity and proportion of sediment yield with scouring time at different combinations of discharge and slope. The slope has an opposite influence on runoff velocity and sediment production in different durations. The rule of sediment transport is restricted to the in teraction of flow and slope. The slope becomes steeper~ the movement of erosion equilibrium comes much earlier. The formula of sediment transport is verified by experimental date, and then correlation coefficient is 0. 799 3.

关 键 词：黄土坡面 坡面流 径流冲刷 侵蚀平衡 输沙过程 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]