辐射合成法合成明胶类水凝胶及其性能研究  

Radiation Synthesis and Characterization of Gelatine Category Hydrogel

作　　者：杨桂霞[1] 伍晓利[1] 俞祥忠[1] 李宗军[1] 安友[1] 李晓燕[1] 孙国芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2014年第2期228-233,共6页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：绵阳市应用技术研究与开发资金资助项目(10J010)

摘　　要：采用辐射法合成了明胶/羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）水凝胶，利用索氏提取器、紫外-可见分光光度计以及原子光谱仪分别对其溶胀性、pH值敏感性、凝胶含量及其对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附性能进行了测试分析。在剂量率约为83 Gy/min ，吸收剂量为15、25、35和45 kGy条件下，明胶/CMC-Na/PVP质量比为4∶1∶2、4∶1∶5和2∶1∶5的明胶/CMC-Na/PVP水溶液经辐照均能交联合成水凝胶。在高纯水中，该类水凝胶溶胀率分布于11～56之间；在p H＝1的高氯酸溶液中，所有凝胶的溶胀率较之水溶液中均有所下降，说明这类水凝胶对pH值敏感。不同原料比例生成的水凝胶，其溶胀率并未随吸收剂量的增大而呈现出明显的增加。比例为4∶1∶5的水凝胶溶胀性能最为优良，其溶胀率最大值为56。合成的明胶/CMC-Na/PVP水凝胶可在1个月内完全腐化分解，说明在PVP中添加明胶和CMC-Na后，引入了天然高分子材料优良的降解性能，加速了凝胶分解，缩短了降解时间。同时，发现该类凝胶具有极强的吸C r （Ⅵ）能力，可达0.539 g/g。The hydrogels based on gelatine cross-linked with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose （CMC-Na） and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP） were synthesized through 60 Co γ-ray irradiation , and the swelling ability , pH-sensitivity , gelatine fraction and the absorbing ability of Cr were measured by the Soxhlet extraction device , Uv-vis spectrophotometer and atomic absorption spectrometer , respectively . The result indicates that it is easy to synthesize hydrogels of gelatine/CMC-Na/PVP with monomer mass proportions of 4∶1∶2 ,4∶1∶5 and 2∶1∶5 at the absorbed doses of 15 ,25 ,35 and 45 kGy at the dose rate of 83 Gy/min ,respectively .It shows that the swelling behavior of hydrogels becomes different w hen either the monomer proportion of raw materials or the absorbed doses vary .The swelling ratio （SR） of hydrogels can be up to 56 at pH= 7 ,w hile the minimal value is 7 at pH =1 ,w hich indicates that the SR of hydrogel is sensitive to pH . The hydrogel of PVP will not be degraded after many years ,but the hydrogels of gelatine/CMC-Na/PVP will be degraded within one month . It indicates that the degradation of hydrogels can be accelerated as the nature polymer can be degraded into the hydrogels .The adsorptive capacity of Cr （Ⅵ） is up to 0.539 g/g .

关 键 词：天然高分子 水凝胶 交联 溶胀率 Cr(Ⅵ) Cr(Ⅵ) 

分 类 号：I636.1[文学—其他各国文学] O644.2[理学—物理化学]