“人性恶”是法律、法治的人性基础吗?  

The “Evil” of Humanity is the Basis of the Law and the Rule of Law?

作　　者：严存生[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《河北法学》2014年第3期2-13,共12页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：司法部国家法治与法学理论研究重点项目<法律的人性基础研究>(07SFB1001)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：近些年来,在法律、法治的人性基础的研究中,有一种"性恶论"颇有市场,并造成了严重的影响,值得关注。经初步研究,这种观点立论的论据主要有三,即西方关于人性恶、权力腐败和法律的人性逻辑起点——"自私"的论述。我们逐一查阅和剖析了这三个方面的论述,认为他们对有关的论述的介绍是不全面和不准确的,加上对"恶"、"基础"概念理解上的片面和肤浅,因而说"人性恶",进而得出"恶"是法律的人性基础的不科学结论。从相关的论述和历史的实际看,人的本质属性是道德性,"恶"只是它的一个方面或一种表现,是"善"的阙如,是人性的一种缺陷。显然,"性恶论"歪曲和丑化了人性,因而用它来指导我国的法治建设,必然会造成不良的社会后果,故应坚决地抛弃这种理论,并肃清其在社会中的流毒。In the recent years, a view which the humanity of the rule of law should be based on the evil is worth our reflection. After preliminary studies, this view is based on the following three theses： the evil of humanity, the corruption of power and the ＂ Selfhood＂. We inspect and analyze each of these three theses and a conclusion is followed： Such theses are inaccurate, not comprehensive, one - sided and superficial. So the view which the humanity of the rule of law should be based on the evil is an unscientific conclusion. We believe that the morality is the basis of humanity and the evil is only an aspect to the humanity. Obviously, the thesis of the ＂ Evil＂ to the humanity is a distorted and stereotypical portrayal to the human nature, and we should resolutely abandon this thesis and eliminate its pernicious in our country.

关 键 词：法的人性基础 人性"善恶" 法理 "道德性" 法治 

分 类 号：DF03[政治法律—法学理论]