残积土表面蒸发强度影响因素的试验分析  

Experimental Analysis on Factors Influencing Surface Evaporative Intensity of Residual Soil

作　　者：姚晓琴[1] 陈祖鑫 

机构地区：[1]福州大学至诚学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省交通规划设计院福建,福州350001

出　　处：《滨州学院学报》2013年第6期115-120,共6页Journal of Binzhou University

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目(2009J05121)

摘　　要：为确定残积土表面蒸发强度影响因素的敏感程度及其模型，以2种花岗岩残积土为例，采用自制室内蒸发试验，分析了温度、风速、太阳辐射、空气湿度、压实度、含水率对蒸发强度的影响规律，并标定了E0—θ模型的参数．结果表明，土体在高温（40℃）条件下蒸发强度约为低温（5℃）条件下的10-20倍；受太阳辐射时蒸发强度约为相同温度下不受太阳辐射时的1．5～2倍；有风条件下土表蒸发强度约为无风状态下的2～4倍；空气湿度越低蒸发强度越高；随着土壤压实度的增加，土壤蒸发强度逐渐减小，但其影响较小；土体蒸发强度随含水率降低呈减小趋势，并可近似为直线关系．因此，在确定土袁蒸发强度时应重点考虑温度、风速、空气湿度、太阳辐射、含水率的影响；E0-θ蒸发模型适用于花岗岩残积土的蒸发强度模型，相关指数均在0．9以上．In order to determine the sensitivity of factors influencing surface evaporative intensity of residual soil and the evaporative intensity model, a series of evaporative experiments are carried out under different temperature,wind speed, solar radiation, air humidity, degree of compaction and calibrated the parameters of the model E0-θ. The results have shown that the surface evaporation intensity under high temperature（40 ℃）is 10 -20 times stronger than that under low temperature （5 ℃）; it with solar radiation is 1.5 -2 times greater than that with the same temperature but no solar radiation ; while it with windy conditions is 2-4 times greater than that with no wind,and it is higher when the humidity of air is lower;with the increase of soil compaction, the surface evaporation intensity decreases gradually ; that is a linear relationship between moisture content and surface evaporation intensity. And the sensitivity analysis results show that the sensitivity of the temperature, wind speed for senior grade, therefore, when determining the soil surface evaporation intensity should consider mainly the temperature, wind speed, air humidity,solar radiation, the influence of moisture content; E0-θ evaporation model is suitable for the granite residual soil,and the related indexes are above 0.9.

关 键 词：残积土 蒸发强度 蒸发试验 敏感性 

分 类 号：P619.22[天文地球—矿床学]