太湖日本沼虾与秀丽白虾的食性与食物碳源分析  

Studies on the Feeding Habits and Sources of Dietary Carbon of Macrobrachium nipponense and Exopalaemon modestus in Taihu Lake

作　　者：温周瑞[1,2] 谢平[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省水产科学研究所,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,东湖湖泊生态系统试验站,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自科版）（中旬）》2013年第10期36-42,7-8,共7页Journal of Yangtze University(Nature Science Edition)

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-001);国家自然科学基金项目(30870428)

摘　　要：2005年1月至11月对太湖梅梁湾和贡湖湾的日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)与秀丽白虾(Exopalaemon modestus)的食性与食物碳源进行了采样分析。经胃含物显微观察,太湖梅梁湾、贡湖湾日本沼虾与秀丽白虾主要食物种类有有机碎屑、浮游植物、水生植物、原生动物、轮虫、枝角类、桡足类、底栖动物、鱼类等。出现频率较高的主要是有机碎屑、水生植物、枝角类、浮游植物、轮虫等。食物出现频率的高低表现出时空变化,与水体中食物的丰富度有关。稳定性同位素分析结果表明,日本沼虾和秀丽白虾δ13 C值表现出空间差异,同位素混合模型分析表明,日本沼虾比秀丽白虾更偏向于底栖食物性,沿岸带的虾类比敞水区更偏向于底栖食性,与胃含物分析结果相符。The feeding habits and sources of dietary carbon of Macrobrachium nipponense and Exopalaemon modestus in Meiliang Bay and Gonghu Bay in Taihu Lake was studied from Jan 2005to Nov 2005.Gut content analysis of Macrobrachium nipponense and Exopalaemon modestus indicated that the major food sources included organic debris,aquatic plants,cladocerans,rotifers,copepods,phytoplankton,benthic animals,fish,protozoans,and so on.Food items with high occurrence frequency in the gut included organic debris,aquatic plants,cladocerans,phytoplankton,rotifers,etc.Spatial and temporal variation in frequency of food sources was related to those in the water column.There were spatial variations in stable carbon isotopes of both Macrobrachium nipponense and Exopalaemon modestus.The results from mixed model showed that the percentage of benthic carbon source to Macrobrachium nipponense is more than that to Exopalaemon modestus;and the diets carbon source of shrimps in littoral is more benthic than that in pelagic.Benthic food carbon sources of the shrimps in Gonghu Bay contributed more than that in Meiliang Bay.These results indicated that the stable isotope compositions in shrimps were affected by the aquatic plants as potential food sources in Gonghu Bay. The results are consistent with the analysis of stomach contents.

关 键 词：日本沼虾 (Macrobrachium nipponense) 秀丽白虾 (Exopalaemon modestus) 食性 太湖 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]