引种欧洲云杉自由授粉家系种实性状的多样性  

Phenotypic Diversity of Cone and Seed Traits in Open-pollinated Families of Introduced Picea abies(L.) Karst

作　　者：马建伟 胡勐鸿 张宋智 雷曙光 王军辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所,天水741022 [2]国家林业局林木培育重点实验室(中国林业科学研究院林业研究所)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2014年第3期5-10,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD01B01);甘肃省重大科技专项(1102NKDE028)

摘　　要：为了揭示欧洲云杉种实性状的袁型变异程度及其变异规律，对欧洲云杉44个家系的25个种实性状进行调查，并对其多样性进行分析，结果表明：球果长、球果长／宽、鲜质量、干质量、种子长、种子宽家系间和家系内差异均达显著水平，其余种实性状家系间差异达显著水平；种实性状家系间的表型分化系数（Vs，t）为66．77％～99．27％。欧洲云杉家系平均千粒质量为（9．9046±1．5945）g，家系间变幅为5．40～13．60g；种实性状间，发芽势、发芽率与千粒质量呈极显著正相关，球果长／宽与千粒质量不相关，种子长／宽除与种子宽呈极显著负相关外，与其他种实性状不相关：其他种实性状间呈极显著或显著相关关系。欧洲云杉种实性状受强的家系遗传控制，家系间具有丰富的遗传变异，遗传改良潜力大，筛选出千粒质量≥11．05g的10个家系可用于种子园营建和多目标育种。An investigation was conducted to study the cone and seed traits of 25 families in Picea abies to reveal variation pat- terns of family phenotypic. There are significant differences between and within the families of the cone and seed traits. The cone length, cone length/width, fresh weight, dry weight, seed length, seed width and other characters have significant differences in different families. The phenotypic differentiation coefficient （ V~.t ） of P. abies families is 66.77% -99.27%, thou- sand kernel weight is 9. 904 6＋1. 594 5 g and its amplitude among families is 5.40-13.60 g. Among most cone and seed traits, the germination potential, germination rate and thousand kernel weight are positively correlated, but there is no cor- relation between cone length/width and thousand kernel weight. There is significantly negative correlation between the seed length/width and seed width, but not significant with other traits. There is very significant or significant correlation be- tween other traits. Therefore, the cone and seed traits of families in P. abies are controlled by family genetic with abundant genetic variances and large genetic improvement potentiality. Ten families with thousand kernel weight of more than 11.05 g were selected for seed orchard establishment and breeding of multiple targets.

关 键 词：欧洲云杉 家系 种实性状 表型多样性 

分 类 号：S791.18[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q945.63[农业科学—林学]