文冠果优良单株开花生物学特性研究  

Research on Flowering Biological Characteristics of Superior Individual Plant of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge

作　　者：严婷[1] 郭军战[1] 徐龙光[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第5期58-62,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关资助项目(K331021003)

摘　　要：以陕西杨凌地区的文冠果优良单株为研究对象,通过野外实地定位观测,对文冠果的开花物候期、花形态特征、开花动态、可孕花空间分布、花粉活力和柱头可授性等进行了检测研究。结果表明:杨凌地区文冠果优良单株花期为4月上旬至4月中下旬,一般长达15d左右;树冠中上部的花先于下部开放,外围的花先于内膛开放,顶生花序底部的花先开放,侧生花序基本同时开放;文冠果优良单株花粉活力在初花期不高,开花后第5天达到最高;当花瓣基部斑晕由橙黄色变为橙红色时,柱头可授性最强。Taking superior individual plant of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge in Yangling,Shaanxi Province as the research object, through field investigation and observation, the flowering phenology, morphological characteristics of flowers, floral dynamicthe space distribution pattern of the fertile flowers, pollen viability and stigma receptivity were studied and analyzed. The results showed that the flowering phase of superior individval plant lasts for 15 days,from the early April to the mid-to-late of April. Flowers on the middle and top of crown came into blossom before the lower,outer before the center. Flowers at the bottom of terminal inflorescence bloom firstly, lateral inflorescence almost open at the same time. Pollen vitality in the initial stage of the blossom was lower than fullbloom stage,and it reached the max value at around 5 days after flower,then decreased slowly. When the base of petals turned from bright orange to salmon pink, stigma receptivity achieved the highest level.

关 键 词：文冠果 开花特性 花粉活力 柱头可授性 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]