高吸程射流泵装置的气蚀临界沉没度研究  

Research on Critical Cavitation Depth of Super Suction Lift Jet Pumps

作　　者：邹晨海[1] 李红[1] 向清江[1] 徐德怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2014年第2期122-124,132,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：随着河水及地下水等水位的不断下降,高吸程射流泵装置得到越来越多的应用。当射流泵内压力低于液体的汽化压力时,就会发生气蚀,不仅对进入喉管的液体有节流的作用,减小流量,还会剥蚀射流泵部件壁面,产生噪声,降低泵效率。为了避免气蚀的发生,就要控制高吸程射流泵装置的气蚀临界沉没度。推导出了气蚀临界沉没度的计算公式,通过已知的高吸程射流泵装置的性能参数及下泵深度求得气蚀临界沉没度。通过试验,间接测量了2组工作泵扬程分别为44m及34m的高吸程射流泵装置正常工作时的最大吸程,验证了理论计算结果。通过对计算所得气蚀临界沉没度和试验测得的最大吸程比较分析,发现射流泵无法正常工作的原因是发生了气蚀或工作压力太小,可以采取调节下泵深度或增加工作泵扬程等措施以满足使用需要。With the river level declining, super suction lift jet pump is applied in more and more situations. Cavitation happens when jet pumps＇ internal pressure is below the fluid evaporation, which will not only lead throttle effects, but also denudation on the wall of iet pumps, produce noise and reduce pump efficiency. In order to avoid cavitation, critical cavitation depth should be controlled. Through this paper, the formulas of critical cavitation depth are simplified and deduced. Through the test, the maximum depth of two super suction lift jet pumps including 44 m and 34 m head centrifugal pumps are measured indirectly. The data revised after experiments and the results of calculation are nearly consistent. Through comparison and analysis, the reason why the super suction lift jet pumps can＇t work normally is working pressure is too small. Controlling depth of jet pump or increasing working pump heads can be taken to satisfy users＇ requirements.

关 键 词：射流泵 高吸程 气蚀 临界沉没度 

分 类 号：TV131.63[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]