通气孔对具有明满流尾水隧洞过渡过程的影响  

The Impact of Air Vent on Free-surface-pressurized Flow in Tailrace Tunnels

作　　者：刘敏[1] 蔡付林[1] 张雯[1] 史晓阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2014年第2期150-152,156,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

摘　　要：在由导流洞改建的尾水隧洞中,常常发生明满流交替现象,结合水工模型试验和基于VOF的数值模拟,对与导流洞相结合的尾水隧洞中发生的明满流过渡过程的水力特性和通气孔的作用机理等进行了研究。通过模型试验,分析了尾水隧洞设置通气孔对尾水系统过渡过程的影响,优化了通气孔的布置。通过数值模拟得到了尾水隧洞发生明满流时,部分监测点的压力变化过程曲线和监测断面的流量变化过程及通气孔的风速变化等,验证了通气孔减缓明满流的作用,并对通气孔的尺寸进行了优化分析。In a tailrace tunnel reconstructed from a diversion tunnel, free-surface pressurized flows happen often. The hydraulic char acteristics of free-surface-pressurized flows and the action mechanism of air vent in tailrace tunnels are studied by model experiments and numerical simulation. In the model experiment, the impact of air vent on the transient characteristics of tailrace systems and the arrangement of air vent is analyzed. In the numerical simulation, the pressure change curves at some monitoring points, the discharge change process of the monitoring sections and the change of wind speed at the vent are obtained. The effect of the vent in improving free surface-pressurized flows is also verified through numerical simulation.

关 键 词：尾水隧洞 明满流 通气孔 模型试验 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV134.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]