林窗对马尾松人工林植物多样性的影响  

Effects of forest gap on plant diversity of Pinus massoniana plantations

作　　者：崔宁洁 刘洋[1] 张健[1] 杨万勤[1] 欧江[1] 张捷[1] 邓长春[1] 李建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学生态林业研究所,四川省林业生态工程重点实验室,成都611130

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第1期8-14,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAC09B05);四川省科技支撑计划项目(12ZC0017);四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2012JY0047);四川省教育厅科技创新团队资助计划项目(11TD006)资助~~

摘　　要：为了解人工抚育调控林窗对马尾松人工林植物多样性的影响,以长江上游低山丘陵区39年生的马尾松人工林为研究对象,人为砍伐形成不同大小(100-1 600 m2)的林窗共计21个,研究了林窗、林窗边缘、林下的植物多样性.结果表明:马尾松人工林林窗内外的丰富度指数R0(物种数)、Simpson生态优势度指数(SP)、Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数(SW)差异显著(P<0.05),其丰富度指数的大小顺序是林窗>林窗边缘>林下.不同大小林窗之间的丰富度指数也有显著差异(P<0.05),但Simpson生态优势度指数、Shannon-Wiener物种多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)差异均不显著.不同大小林窗边缘的丰富度指数、优势度指数、多样性指数和均匀度指数均没有显著差异(P>0.05).综合来看,林窗的形成显著提高了马尾松人工林林下植物的丰富度,林窗大小对林下植物的物种组成和丰富度也有显著影响.To understand the effect of artificial forest gap on plant diversity of masson pine （Pinus massoniana） plantation, 21 artificial forest gaps with different sizes （ranging from 100 m2 to 1 600 m2） were constructed by logging the mason pine in a 39- year masson pine plantation at the hilly region of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in October, 2011. Plant diversity was investigated in the forest gap, forest gap edge and canopy in August, 2012. Significant （P 〈 0.05） differences of the richness index, dominance index and species diversity index were observed among forest gap, gap edge and canopy, and the ranked order of the species number was forest gap 〉 gap edge 〉 canopy. The species richness in forest gaps varied greatly （P 〈 0.05） with the gap sizes, but the Simpson dominance index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index showed no similar trends. Similarly, the species richness, dominance index, diversity index and evenness index in gap edges varied slightly （P 〉 0.05） with gap sizes. In summary, gap formation significantly improved plant richness of mason pine plantation, with forest gap size strongly influencing the composition and abundance of forest understory plant species.

关 键 词：马尾松人工林 林窗 人工抚育 植物丰富度 生态优势度 物种多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S718.5[农业科学—林学]