污水氮磷浓度对云南本地浮萍生长及氮磷去除的影响  

Infl uence of ammonium and phosphate concentration of sewage on the growth, In uence of ammonium and phosphate concentration of sewage on the growth, nitrogen and phosphorus removal of duckweed in Yunan

作　　者：鲍姝 方扬[1,3] 靳艳玲[1,3] 赵永贵[1,2,3] 赵海[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院环境与应用微生物重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第1期56-62,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BA D22B03);中国科学院创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-J-22;KSCX2-EW-G-1-1);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养项目(Y2C5021100)资助~~

摘　　要：为揭示污水氮磷浓度对不同浮萍生长及水处理的影响规律,研究了户外条件下云南本地的4个浮萍品种,本地绿萍(Lemna japonica)、本地少根(Landoltia punctata)、本地多根(Spir odela polyrhiza)和本地芜萍(Woffi a globosa)在不同氮磷浓度污水中的生长情况.结果表明:随着污水氮磷浓度升高,浮萍处理系统对氮磷的去除总量升高,利用率降低;不同浮萍品种在不同氮磷浓度污水中的最大生长速率、氮磷含量和氮磷固定能力存在明显的种属差异.其中本地多根有最高的生长速率(7.38 g m-2 d-1)和氮固定能力(336.47 mg m-2 d-1),本地绿萍有最高的磷含量(2.35%)和磷固定能力(123.07 mg m-2 d-1),本地芜萍有最高的蛋白含量(37.32%).针对本地绿萍的进一步研究表明:本地绿萍在不同氮磷浓度污水中的生长与体内的氮磷含量和pH有关,高氮磷含量的本地绿萍可以利用体内储存的氮磷在寡营养水体中短时间内进行快速生长;废水的氨氮浓度小于20 mg L-1,pH 8(±0.5)时本地绿萍生长较快;当废水氨氮浓度大于20 mg L-1时,pH 6.5(±0.5)时可防止NH4+大量转化为NH3,减少对本地绿萍的毒害作用.本研究揭示了污水氮磷浓度对不同浮萍品种的生长、氮磷含量和氮磷去除的影响不同,实际应用中可根据不同的目的选用不同的浮萍品种.The growth of four Yunnan duckweed species （Lemna japonica, Landoltia punctata, Spirodela polyrhiza, Woffia globosa） was investigated in sewage of different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations to understand nitrogen and phosphorus removal of sewage. Results showed that with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, the removal amount of nitrogen and phosphorus increased （N： 0.31-7.13 g; P： 0.01-0.82 g） while the utilization rate decreased （N： 99.92%- 7.20%; P： 66.54%-3.74%）. Significant differences were observed among the four duckweed species in maximum growth rate, nitrogen, phosphorus content and fixation ability. Spirodela polyrhiza showed the highest growth rate （7.38 g m-2 d-1） and nitrogen fixation rate （336.47 mg m-2 d-1）; Lemna japonica showed the highest phosphorus content （2.35%） and phosphorus fixation rate （123.07 mg m-2 d-1）; Woffia globosa showed the highest nitrogen content （37.32%）. Further study on L. japonica revealed that its growth was relevant with its nitrogen and phosphorus content and the pH of sewage. L. japonica with high nitrogen and phosphorus content showed rapid growth in oligotrophic sewage for the first few days. With ammonia nitrogen concentration below 20 mg L-1, pH 8 （±0.5） was optimum for duckweed growth. But pH 6.5 （± 0.5） would prevent the transformation from NH4＋ to NH3, and reduce the toxicity of NH3 to duckweed in sewage with ammonia nitrogen concentration higher than 20 mg L-1. Tile result of this study revealed the effect of sewage concentration on the growth rate, nitrogen, phosphorus content and the fixation ability of different duckweed species, indicating that appropriate duckweed species can be selected for specific objectives in future practical application.

关 键 词：浮萍 氮磷浓度 生长 氮磷含量 氮磷去除率 PH 污水处理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]