小麦矮秆基因Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b、Rht8的检测及其对株高的影响  

Identifi cation of wheat dwarfi ng genes Identi ng genes Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8 and their effects on plant height

作　　者：林旭群[1,2] 李韵芳[1] 鲁璐[1] 张春艳[1,2] 廖金花[1,2] 李莉蓉[1] 吴瑜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第1期80-86,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX3-EW-N-02-2);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B03)资助~~

摘　　要：为进一步明确矮秆基因对杂交后代的致矮能力,一方面利用分子标记对26份小麦材料中所含有的矮秆基因(Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b、Rht8)进行了检测,另一方面选取较矮的8份材料作为母本,与两个高秆地方品种(中国春、宜宾白麦子)进行杂交,测量F1代株高并计算致矮力;最后,结合两方面的数据来估计矮秆基因对株高的影响.结果表明,同一母本与不同父本,或同一父本与不同的母本,杂交后F1代株高存在较大差异.因此,各矮秆基因表达可能具有遗传背景效应.在与Rht8紧密连锁的分子标记Xgwm261位点扩增出了3个等位变异,分别为174 bp、192 bp和210 bp,其中210 bp片段所占比例最高,为57.7%.特别值得注意的是,检测到1份同时含Rht-B1b+Rht-D1b+Rht8的材料(川育925矮).由于其株高矮(57.92 cm),平均致矮力高(29.4%),具高抗条锈病,且其它综合农艺性状好,因此推荐作为小麦矮化、半矮化育种的主要亲本之一.In order to identify the height reducing capability of dwarfing genes to hybrids, we detected the dwarfing genes （Rht- Blb, Rht-Dlb, and RhtS） of 26 wheat cultivars or advanced lines by using molecular markers. Eight dwartbr wheat materials were selected as female to cross with two tall Sichuan landraces （Chinese Spring and Yibinbaimaizi）. Then the height of FI plants was tested, and the height reduction percentages calculated. With the two results combined, the effect of dwarfing genes to hybrids was evaluated. The results showed the expression of dwarfing genes strongly affected by different backgrounds, since the height of F1 plants varied largely even if they had same female or male parents. In Xgwm261 loci, which was closely linked with Rht8 gene, three different fragments （174 bp, 192 bp and 210 bp, respectively） were amplified, with the 210 bp fragment showing the highest ratio （57.7%）. Notably, one elite line, named CY925ai, composed of three dwarfing genes at the same time （Rht-,31b ＋ Rht-D1b ＋ RhtS）, was detected. Because of its dwarf height （57.92 cm）, high average height-reduction percentage （29.4%）, as well as high resistance to yellow rust and good agronomic traits, it was recommended as a good parent for wheat dwarfing and semi-dwarfing breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 矮秆基因 Xgwm261位点 致矮力 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]