两株嗜热异养氨氧化细菌的鉴定及其氨氧化特性  

Identifi cation and characterization of two thermophilic heterotrophic Identi cation and characterization of two thermophilic heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacterial strains

作　　者：巴顿[1] 张琦[1] 季秀玲[1] 魏云林[1] 林连兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第1期157-161,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30960022和31160035)资助~~

摘　　要：为寻找适用于堆肥的嗜热异养氨氧化细菌,采用稀释涂布平板法和格里斯试剂显色法筛选嗜热异养氨氧化细菌,利用含NH4+培养基研究其最佳生长温度、pH条件以及其氨氧化特点和NO2-、NO3-的生成速率,并通过16S rDNA测序及Blast比对确定其种属.结果显示,从大理洱源热泉中分离了两株嗜热异养氨氧化细菌菌株NC8和NJ26;这两株菌的最适生长温度为55℃,最适生长pH为8.0;在最适生长条件下,NC8和NJ26菌株对NH4+的最大单位体积减少率分别为1 033.3mg/L和1 183.67 mg/L;对NO2-和NO3-最大单位体积产生率分别为23.79 mg/L、272.30 mg/L和33.81 mg/L、366.70 mg/L;种属鉴定表明,NC8和NJ26分别为Bacillus属的不同种.本研究表明,NC8和NJ26为异养型氨氧化细菌,能将NH4+氧化成NO2-和NO3-,以NO3-为主要积累产物,因此有望应用于堆肥过程中以减少氨气排放,同时提高堆肥中氮素的含量.This research aimed to screen the thermophilic heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria which will be used in compost to identify their ammonia-oxidizing characteristics. Dilute spread plate method and Griess reagent coloration method were used to screen thermophilic heterotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, and medium with NH4＋ used to identify the optimum growth temperature and pH value, rates of ammonia-oxidizing, nitrite- and nitrate-producing of the ammonia- oxidizing bacteria. 16S rDNA sequencing, blast-comparison and phylogenetic analysis were used to compare the ammonia- oxidizing bacteria. Two heterotrophic thermophilic ammonia-oxidizing bacterial strains, NC8 and N J26, were isolated from hot spring zone in Eryuan, Yunnan. Their 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that they belonged to different species of genus Bacillus. For both strains, the optimum growth temperature was 55 ℃ and the optinlum growth pH value 8.0. Under optimum growth condition, the maximum NH4＋ unit volume reduction rates, NC8 and N J26 were 1 033.3 mg/L and 1 183.67 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, maximum NO： and NO3- unit volume production rates of these strains were 23.79 mg/12, 272.30 mg/L and 33.81mg/L, 366.70 mg/L, respectively. All results demonstrated that strains NC8 and N J26 are heterolrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria which can oxidize NH4＋ into NO2- and NO3-, with NO3-as the main product. These bacteria are expected to be applied in reducing ammonia emissions and increasing nitrogen content in compost.

关 键 词：异养氨氧化细菌 嗜热菌 菌株分离鉴定 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]