宁夏一次极端暴雨的中尺度分析  

Mesoscale Analysis of an Extremely Heavy Rainfall in Ningxia

作　　者：贾宏元[1,2] 刘鹏兵 田风 聂晶鑫 

机构地区：[1]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏气象台,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2014年第2期514-518,528,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2013-076);国家自然科学基金(41075069;41175074)

摘　　要：利用多普勒雷达、卫星云图、加密气象站等高分辨率的探测资料及NCEP再分析资料，分析了引发宁夏2012年7月29～30日极端暴雨过程的成因及中尺度系统特征。结果表明，深厚湿层的存在对暴雨的持续及强度有重要影响；地面辐合线长时间的存在是引发强降水持续的动力抬升条件，辐合线表现为风向或风速辐合，其强度与降水强度密切相关，且与强降雨带走向较一致，多发生在其略偏北一侧；此次大暴雨是M8cS发展并较长时间维持少动的结果；MβCS最成熟时，TBB强梯度区偏向冷云中心区一侧与未来1～2h暴雨落区有较好的对应关系。The mesoscale characteristic and the cause of an extremely heavy rain in Ningxia during July 29-30 2012 was analyzed using many kinds of high spatial-temporal resolution data, such as Doppler radar data, satellite images, auto-weather station （AWS） network data and NCEP analysis data. It was revealed that the existence of deep wet layer had a significant effect to the continuity and intensity of heavy rainfall. A sur- face convergence line lasting for a long period provided a powerful lifting condition which caused the heavy rain. It was showed that the conver- gence line was represented as a convergence region of wind direction or wind speed, and its strength was closely related to the precipitation inten- sity. The surface convergence line was in good accord with the pattern of the heavy rainfall, which tends to occur at the north side of the rain belt. The development of MβCS and its immovability also contributed to the heavy rain. At its mature stage of M[3CS, a TBB strong gradient area was found locating towards the cold cloud center, which has a good relationship with the heavy rainfall zone in the next one or two hours.

关 键 词：暴雨 极端 中尺度系统 成因 宁夏 

分 类 号：S161.6[农业科学—农业气象学] P458.121.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]