我国降雨径流关系的区域规律研究  

Research on Regional Law of Rainfall Runoff Relationship of China

作　　者：陈利者[1] 李致家[1] 李巧玲[1] 姚成[1] 于莎莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水力发电》2014年第3期8-11,15,共5页Water Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41130639;51179045;41201028)

摘　　要：从全国的湿润、半湿润和半干旱地区选出17个代表流域,分别求出各子流域的降雨径流各要素值,然后绘制其降雨径流相关图。通过对不同下垫面条件下的降雨径流关系线进行对比分析,发现只有在比较容易发生全流域全面产流的湿润地区,降雨径流关系线的上部才能成为坡度为45°的直线。另外,还发现嵌套流域的降雨径流关系线适用于嵌套流域内的任何子流域;当下垫面情况和降水等要素相似时,地理位置相距较远的流域嵌套在一起时也可以用同一条降雨径流相关线来分析其降雨径流关系。Seventeen typical watersheds are selected in China, which including humid, semi-humid and semi-arid region, to draw the P＋Pa^R correlation diagram for every basin after calculating the factors which influence the rainfall and runoff respectively. On the basis of contrasting and analyzing the rain and runoff relevant relationship line under different underlying surface, it is found that the upper of the rain and runoff relevant relationship line will be linear with a slope of 45 degree in the region where can be realized as comprehensive runoff producing of the whole watershed in humid regions, and the relevant relationship line between rainfall and runoff of nested basin is also applied to any sub-basin. When the underlying surface and precipitation are similar, the same rainfall and runoff relevant line can be used to analyze the relationship between rainfall and runoff of different watersheds which are apart from each other geographically after they are nested.

关 键 词：降雨 径流 嵌套流域 下垫面 消退系数 蓄满产流 

分 类 号：TP338[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]