儿童哮喘国际共识  

International consensus on pediatric asthma

作　　者：向莉[1] 许巍[1] 姚瑶[2] 付亚南[1] 王静[1] 王群[1] 刘晓颖[1] 高琦[2] 顾希茜(译)[3] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院过敏反应科 儿科学国家重点学科,100045 [2]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院呼吸科,100045 [3]北京中医药大学护理学院

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2014年第1期67-76,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：基金项目：北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划（2011-3-053）

摘　　要：】哮喘是全世界范围内儿童最常见的慢性下呼吸道疾病。一些指南和／或共识中有儿童哮喘的医疗决策。尽管常规系统性的哮喘管理可以明显改善预后是毫无疑问的，但是这些方法的普及和实施仍然是主要的挑战。因此，最近由欧洲变态反应和临床免疫学会（EAACI）、美国变态反应哮喘和免疫学会（AAAAI）、美国变态反应哮喘和免疫学院（ACAAI）以及世界变态反应组织（WAO）的专家成立的哮喘变态反应和免疫国际联合会（iCAALL）已经决定提议儿童哮喘国际共识。这份共识的目的是强调现有大部分指南中共有的关键信息，严格审查和评述差异，从而提供一个简明的参考。儿童哮喘的管理原则是被广泛接受的。总的来说，治疗的目标是疾病控制。为了达到这个目标，应该教育患儿和家长与医师合作来完成疾病的最佳管理。确定并回避变应原也是十分重要的。应该常规进行评估和监测来再评价和调整治疗。药物治疗是哮喘治疗的基石。在大多数患者，药物的最佳使用能够帮助患者控制症状和减少未来发病的风险。哮喘急性发作的管理是慢性病治疗中需主要考虑的方面。表型特异性的治疗选择也是一种趋势；然而，这个目标仍没有达到。Asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory disease in childhood throughout the world. Several guidelines and/or consensus documents are available to support medical decisions on pediatric asthma. Although there is no doubt that the use of common systematic approaches for management can considerably improve outcomes, dissemination and implementation of these are still major challenges. Consequently, the International Collaboration in Asthma,Allergy and Immunology （iCAALL） ,recently formed by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology （ EAACI）, American Academy of Allergy, Asthma ＆ Immunology （ AAAAI ）, American College of Allergy, Asthma ＆ Immunology（ACAAI） and World Allergy Organization（WAO） has decided to propose an International Consensus on pediatric asthma. The purpose of this document is to highlight the key messages that are common to many of the existing guidelines,while critically reviewing and commenting on any differences, thus providing a concise reference. The principles of pediatric asthma management are generally accepted. Overall, the treatment goal is disease control. To achieve this, patients and their parents should be educated to optimally manage the disease, in collaboration with health-care professionals. Identification and avoidance of triggers is also of significant importance. Assessment and monitoring should be performed regularly to re-evaluate and fine-tune treatment. Pharmacotberapy is the cornerstone of treatment. The optimal use of medication can, in most cases, help patients control symptoms and reduce the risk for future morbidity. The management of exacerbations is a major consideration, independent of chronic treatment. There is a trend toward considering phenotype-specific treatment choices;however, this goal has not yet been achieved.

关 键 词：哮喘 共识 指南 喘息 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]