基于节能减排思想分析炼铁工艺的发展  

Analysis on Development of Iron-making Process Based on the Principle of Energy-saving and Emission Reduction

作　　者：李克江[1] 张建良[1] 张亚鹏[1] 刘征建[1] 姜曦[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国钢铁工业协会,北京100711

出　　处：《过程工程学报》2014年第1期162-172,共11页The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:50404009;20236050);国家973计划资助项目(编号:2004CB619203)

摘　　要：通过对中国炼铁产业现状进行分析,明确其在中国经济可持续发展中的重要性,指出由其所带来的严峻的能耗和环保问题.基于钢铁企业的碳素流和能量流,分析了其节能减排的核心问题以及节能潜力点,认为炼铁系统的减排主要在于减少煤焦等含碳燃料的消耗,节能主要在于高效地利用炉顶煤气的显热和潜热,以及充分利用炉渣显热.分析了当前较先进的炼铁系统节能减排技术,如喷吹焦炉煤气、喷吹塑料、全氧鼓风、高炉渣显热回收等,这些技术均是在高炉工艺基础上开发的,其普及程度对中国炼铁产业的节能减排至关重要.展望了炼铁系统节能减排未来的研究方向,短期应深入研究燃料消耗机理,提高煤焦等燃料的利用效率,同时调整高炉系统能源结构,拓展更多清洁能源为炼铁系统所用,开源节流.长期应深入思考炼铁系统碳脱氧还原的本质,着手新工艺的探索性研究,以从本质上改变炼铁工艺高能耗高排放的缺点.Through the basic research on current situation of iron-making industry in China, the importance of iron-making industry in sustainable development was demonstrated, and the severe problems of energy consumption and environment protection were pointed out. And the key problems on energy saving and emission reduction in steel plants were analyzed based on carbon and energy flows, from which it was clear that the main task of emission reduction was to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, such as coal and coke, and the main task of energy saving was to take advantage of the latent and sensible heat of top gas and sensible heat of blast furnace slag. Then, several advanced energy saving technologies, such as coke oven gas injection, injection of plastic scraps into the blast furnace, pure oxygen blowing and utilization of blast furnace slag, were analyzed. They did not make fundamental change to the blast furnace ironmaking process. Their popularity was critical to the improvement of energy saving and emission reduction in iron and steel industry in China. Finally, the research prospect of energy saving and emission reduction was indicated. In the short term, the utilization efficiency of fossil fuels should be improved based on in-depth research on consumption mechanism, and the structure of energy consumption optimized to alternate fossil fuel with clean energy. In the long term, the nature of iron making, carbon deoxidization, should be thought deeply in order to conduct exploratory research on innovation of ironmaking process and eliminate the fundamental shortcoming of current ironmaking process with high energy consumption and high emission.

关 键 词：炼铁 节能 减排 新技术 碳素流 能量流 

分 类 号：TF4[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]