双边市场中垄断认定问题与改进方法:以南北电信宽带垄断案为例  

The Method for Defining the Abuse of Market Dominance in Two-sided Market:The Monopoly Case of Broad-band in China

作　　者：陆伟刚[1] 张昕竹[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学产业经济研究所,陕西西安710061 [2]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2014年第2期122-134,共13页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"三网融合模式下的电信运营商竞争策略设计与公共政策:基于双边市场理论的研究"(批准号71173172)

摘　　要：电信等互联网产业的双边市场特性,使基于单边市场思维下的双边市场垄断认定的方法遇到了前所未有的挑战。本文对南北电信宽带垄断案例的研究发现,本案中存在着相关市场界定的概念混淆、举证不足、问题路径不明等问题,特别缺乏对平台两边基于互补性的相关市场的界定提供为控辩双方均可接受的界定原则与方法。本文以双边市场理论为视角,从互补产品的角度就相邻市场对相关市场的影响进行了区分,厘清了在相关市场界定时容易混淆的相关性与替代性概念,将相关市场的界定严格限制在因价格变动的需求替代性上,提出了SSNIP测试方法改进思路;在考虑宽带专属性平台具有的交叉网络外部性的同时,考虑到平台运营商不同边与同一边不同业务之间的总替代与总互补关系的非对称性与负反馈效应容易导致的相关市场界定过窄与过高估计滥用市场支配势力问题,本文提供了双边市场中市场势力与滥用的基本测算思路与方法,为双边市场环境下的垄断行为举证需要构建的证据链提供了基于这些方法的组合框架建议。With the attribution of two-sided market in telecommucation and other internet-based industry, the traditional method of defining the abuse of market dominance be faced up to challenges which never been happened before. In this paper, we analysis the broad-band monopoly in China with the two-sided market theory and find that many puzzles or conflicts are existed in this case, such as no common standard knowledge, short of evidence, no logical or path which are very necessaries in defining the market power, especially no evidence could be find easily in abusing the dominance. Up to now, the definition of relevant market without accounting for difference substitution effect or complement among sides in two-sided market. The relationship among sides is used to defining market instead of substitution in anti-monopoly practice which resulted in many errors. We also find that the unconditional logic of a winner-take-all will be not true if some hypothesis is not fit to reality in web- based economy. Moreover, because the lever affection is existed between adjacent and relevant market, so, SSNIP cannot be applied directly in broad-band market automatically. Finally, we give a portfolio of new method for defining the relevant market and suggestion of anti-monopoly in two-sided market.

关 键 词：相关市场界定 相邻市场 SSNIP 证据链 双边市场 

分 类 号：F104[经济管理—世界经济]