不同结构Cu_2O多晶的合成及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化作用  

Catalytic Performance of Polycrystalline Cu_2O with Different Structures on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

作　　者：罗小林[1,2] 杨得锁[1] 原春兰[1] 罗旭梅[1] 陈亚芍[2] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院化学化工系,植物化学陕西省重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]陕西师范大学化学化工学院,应用表面与胶体化学教育部重点实验室,西安710062

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2014年第3期520-526,共7页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省教育厅项目(11JK0603);陕西省重点实验室项目(11JS007);宝鸡文理学院院级项目(ZK11151)资助~~

摘　　要：利用均相反应器,在没有添加剂的条件下合成了具有多孔结构的Cu2O微球.考察了合成时间以及反应器旋转速度对Cu2O微球结构的影响.通过增加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的用量,使得Cu2O从多孔微球转变为立方体孪晶,最终形成十四面体孪晶结构.同时,将不同结构的Cu2O多晶应用于催化高氯酸铵(AP)的热分解,结果表明:多孔Cu2O微球较其它结构的Cu2O对AP的热分解具有更高的催化活性,使得AP的低温分解温度降低了37.4°C,而AP在低温阶段的分解量也由8.7%增加至49.0%.Porous Cu2O micro-spheres were synthesized without additives, using a homogeneous reactor. The effects of synthesis time and reactor rol ing speed on the Cu2O micro-spheres structure were investigated. Increasing the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone, the porous Cu2O micro-spheres transformed into cubic twined crystals, and then into cubic-octahedral twined crystals. Cu2O micro-crystals with different structures were used to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate （AP）. The catalytic activity of porous Cu2O micro-spheres was better than those of the cubic twined and cubic-octahedral twined crystals. The low temperature of AP decomposition decreased for 37.4 ＆#176;C when catalyzed by the porous Cu2O micro-spheres, and amount of AP decomposed at low temperature increased from 8.7%to 49.0%.

关 键 词：均相反应器 高氯酸铵 热分解 

分 类 号：O614.121[理学—无机化学] O643.3[理学—化学]