滨海盐碱地棉田土壤水盐动态变化规律及对棉花生长发育影响  

A study on variation of water and salinity and its influence on cotton growth and development in coastal saline fields

作　　者：张谦[1] 祁虹[1] 冯国艺[1] 王树林[1] 李智峰[1] 王志忠[1] 林永增[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院棉花研究所/农业部黄淮海半干旱区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2014年第1期6-10,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省财政项目(F13C2013055003);(F13E2013055004);国家棉花产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18-21);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B05);河北省现代农业产业技术体系棉花产业创新团队建设项目

摘　　要：本试验以滨海盐碱地不同盐度和植被的土壤为研究对象,研究雨养条件下水盐变化规律及对棉花不同生育阶段生长的影响。根据棉花的出苗情况分别选取出苗正常(A)、棉苗生长受抑制(B)、无苗裸地(C)和无棉杂草区(D),对土壤的含水量、盐分含量和棉花生长发育情况进行了研究。通过对样地土壤的全盐和电导率测定,建立两者回归关系,得到试验区域内含盐量(x)与电导率(y)的直线回归方程y=0.358 6x-0.110 1,R2=0.989 2,棉田中的含水量和含盐量变化主要受降雨量、蒸发量、土壤结构、植被覆盖等因素影响。盐胁迫对棉花生长的影响主要集中在苗期,中度盐碱地棉花的开花、吐絮期提前,易早衰。Rain-Fed cotton fields of different salinity and vegetation planting was conducted in the coastal saline soils to study the variation of water and salinity and its influence on cotton growth. The salt contents and water contents of the control group be measured, growth inhibi- tion group, weeds group, severely salty fields group, and analyzed the influence on cotton growth. A significant linear correlation between soil salt content （x） and soil solution conduc- tivity （y） （y = 0. 358 6x=0. 110 1,R2 =0. 989 2） . The variation of water and salinity is the common-effect of rain{all, evaporation capacity, soil structure and vegetation planting, etc. Effect of salinity on the growth of cotton mainly concentrated in the seedling stage, the blooming stage and boll opening stage of moderately salty appeared earlier than the lightly salty fields, it lead to the premature phenomenon.

关 键 词：雨养条件 滨海盐碱地 棉花 生长发育 水盐变化 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学]