咸水结冰灌溉对滨海盐碱地不同植被根区土壤微生物的影响  

Microbial ecological characteristics of planted saline-alkali soil in coastal saline area by freezing saline water irrigation

作　　者：魏新燕[1] 刘小京[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2014年第1期22-26,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD05B02;2013BAD05B05)

摘　　要：为探索环渤海重盐碱区咸水结冰灌溉下不同植被土壤根区微生物的生态特征，分别对灌后棉花、柽柳和枸杞3种植物试验地的土壤微生物种群数量、动态变化和土壤盐分变化进行了研究。结果表明：种植耐盐植物的土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均显著高于裸地，分别平均增加了1．3～12．7倍，并且其组成比例为细菌〉放线菌〉真菌。经过成水结冰灌溉后，试验地土壤微生物数量出现不同程度的增加，其中棉花和柽柳地微生物数量增加明显，分别平均增加了1．6倍和4．4倍。在植物生长季节，冬季咸水结冰灌溉和种植耐盐植物的试验地土壤微生物数量随时间呈现先增加后降低的趋势，而裸地微生物数量时间动态变化不明显。冬季咸水结冰灌溉有效地降低了土壤盐分，各处理均低于5g／kg，保证了以上3种植物的正常生长，增加了土壤微生物种群数量。An experiment was conducted to study microbial ecological characteristics of planted saline-alkali soil in coastal saline area. The numbers and dynamics of microorganism were anal- ysis in cotton, Lycium barbarum L. and Tamarix chinensis field after freezing saline water ir- rigation. And soil salt content was measured respectively. Results showed that the number of microorganism were higher in the planted soil than in bared soil significantly. Bacteria, actino- mycetes and fungi were increased by several times compared with bared soil. The proportion of soil microbe population was bacteria 〉 actinomycetes〉fungi. The numbers of microorganism after freezing saline water irrigation increased than no-irrigation. And microbial quantity in cot- ton and Tamarix chinensis field increase obviously. The microorganisms in the planted soil increased firstly and than decreased with time throughout an entire growing season from April to October 2011, whereas the dynamic of the microorganisms in bared soil was not obvious. After freezing saline water irrigation, soil salt content decreased obviously. Thus, freezing saline water irrigation and salt resistance plant could improve soil micro ecological environment effectively, and the quality of saline soil was improved.

关 键 词：滨海盐碱地 咸水结冰灌溉 土壤微生物 细菌 真菌 放线菌 

分 类 号：S156.42[农业科学—土壤学] S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]