氮/磷缺乏对污泥沉降性能及丝状菌生长的影响  

Influence of nitrogen/phosphate deficiency on sludge settleability and filamentous growth

作　　者：杨雄[1] 彭永臻[1] 郭建华[1] 唐晓雪[1] 宋姬晨 王淑莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心,北京100124

出　　处：《化工学报》2014年第3期1040-1048,共9页CIESC Journal

基　　金：'十二五'国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07302002-06);北京市教委科技创新平台项目~~

摘　　要：在4个序批式反应器中,分别考察了氮磷正常供给、磷缺乏、氮缺乏及氮磷同时缺乏对污泥沉降性能和丝状菌生长的影响。结果显示:磷缺乏会导致聚磷菌流失,限制菌胶团菌对碳源的贮存和利用,导致胞外聚合物中蛋白质的含量减少,SVI达到200～250 ml·g?1;氮缺乏对聚磷菌生长及菌胶团菌贮存利用碳源的影响较小,能刺激菌胶团菌大量分泌蛋白质,SVI低于100 ml·g?1;短期内氮磷同时缺乏会导致污泥沉降性能恶化,但经长期驯化后微生物种群结构会发生较大改变,丝状菌数量减少,且会滋生大量球状菌胶团菌,SVI在120 ml·g?1左右。进水磷缺乏的优势丝状菌为N.limicola II;进水氮缺乏的优势丝状菌为Type 0092;进水氮磷同时缺乏的优势丝状菌为N.limicola I。氮磷缺乏所滋生的丝状菌种类对污泥沉降性能均只能产生有限的影响。The influence of nitrogen （N）, phosphate （P） and N＆P deficiency on sludge settleability and filamentous growth was investigated in four sequencing batch reactors. The results showed that P deficiency in influent would cause decrease of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） and inhibit the storage capability of floc-formers. Moreover, the proportion of protein in extracellular polymer substances （EPS） decreased and sludge volume index （SVI） of 200--250 ml . g^-1 was observed. N deficiency in influent had less impact on the growth of PAOs and the storage capability of floc-formers. Protein in EPS was significantly improved, and SVI of less than 100 ml ~ g-1 was observed under this condition. The short-term deficiency of N＆P in infiuent would cause deterioration of sludge settleability, but no further deterioration was observed after long-term domestication. No excessive growth of filaments but large numbers of spherical floc-formers existed in the N＆P deficiency system, resulting in SVI of around 120 ml . g^-1. The dominant filaments for N, P and N＆P deficiency were N. limicola 11,Type 0092 and N. limicola I, respectively. All of these dominant filaments had limited effect on sludge settleability.

关 键 词：需氧 营养元素 氮磷缺乏 污泥膨胀 丝状菌 沉降 分子生物学 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]